Answer:
The solar radiation is first intercepted by Earth's atmosphere, just a small part of the radiation is absorbed by gases such as water vapor. Some of the radiation is reflected back to space by the clouds and Earth's surface.
Answer:
volume : {l}^3
speed: (l)^1*(t)^-1
Explanation:
Volume is a measure of 3 dimensional space. It is expressed with 3 orthogonal lengths. The volume of a box would be the product of it's height, width and length. These 3 are longitudes that can be expressed in meters, feet, inches, etc. Because these are 3 longitudes multiplied the result will be a cubic longitude (l)^3.
A more general method for finding a volume is to use integral calculus:
This is for Cartesian coordinates. Cylindrical and spherical coordinates can also be used.
Speed is defined as the rate of change in position respect of time:
For movement in one dimension.
For movement in 3 dimensions you calculate the speed component of each space direction and express them as components of a speed vector:
This is a vector of velocity components, each one is expressed as a division of a longitude over a time, so speed components have dimensions of (l)^1*(t)^-1
The speed vector has a magnitude that is obtained with the Pitagoras theorem:
Since each component is squared, added together and then the square root is taken this magnitude is also in (l)^1*(t)^-1
Explanation:
12N by first law of newton is net force after colloision
Answer:
Ok, the minimal quantity of charge that we can find is on the electron or in the proton (the magnitude is the same, but the sign is different)
Where the charge of a single proton is:
C = 1.6x10^-19 C
Now, you need to remember that when we are working with charges, we are working with discrete math:
What means that?
If the minimum positive is the charge of one proton, then the consecutive charge will be the charge of two protons (there is no somethin in between)
So the consecutive charge will be:
C = 2*1.6x10^-19 C = 3.2x10^-19 C.
So, because we are working in discrete math, we can not have any object that has charge between 1.6x10^-19 C and 3.2x10^-19 C.
Particularly, 2.0x10^-19 C is in that range, so we can conclude that:
No, an object can not carry a charge of 2.0x10^-19 C.
Elliptical galaxies typically have relatively little interstellar
matter. Because of this, they also have a low portion of open clusters
and a low rate of new star formation.