1)
Volume = 19 / 1000 = 0.019 L
n = M * V
n = 0.100 * 0.019
n = 0.0019 moles
__________________________
2)
M₁ * V₁ = M₂* V₂
5.0 * V₁ = 1.0 * 152
5.0 V₁ = 152
V₁ = 152 / 5.0
V₁ = 30.4 mL
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<span>hope this helps!</span>
Answer : The molal freezing point depression constant of X is 
Explanation : Given,
Mass of urea (solute) = 5.90 g
Mass of X liquid (solvent) = 450.0 g
Molar mass of urea = 60 g/mole
Formula used :
where,
= change in freezing point
= freezing point of solution = 
= freezing point of liquid X= 
i = Van't Hoff factor = 1 (for non-electrolyte)
= molal freezing point depression constant of X = ?
m = molality
Now put all the given values in this formula, we get
![[0.4-(-0.5)]^oC=1\times k_f\times \frac{5.90g\times 1000}{60g/mol\times 450.0g}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5B0.4-%28-0.5%29%5D%5EoC%3D1%5Ctimes%20k_f%5Ctimes%20%5Cfrac%7B5.90g%5Ctimes%201000%7D%7B60g%2Fmol%5Ctimes%20450.0g%7D)
Therefore, the molal freezing point depression constant of X is
<span>While
treating food with gamma rays kills microorganism by damaging their DNA, the energy
of gamma rays rips off electrons from atoms hence ionizing them (causing free radicals).
However, gamma rays do not make the food atoms radioactive. The body has a natural
mechanism of riding the body of free radicals. However, large quantities of radicals in the body can cause
damage.</span>
Global warming, Cosmic Background radiation (even though most is blocked not ALL), and pollution.
