Answer:
d = 2,042 10-3 m
Explanation:
The laser diffracts in the circular slit, so the process equation is
d sin θ= m λ
The first diffraction minimum occurs for m = 1
We can use trigonometry in the mirror
tan θ = Y / L
Where L is the distance from the Moon to Earth
Since the angle is extremely small
tan θ = sin θ / cos θ
Cos θ = 1
tant θ = sin θ = y / L
We replace
d y / L = λ
d = λ L / y
Let's calculate
d = 532 10⁻⁹ 3.84 10⁶/1 10³
d = 2,042 10-3 m
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Yeah, it's every state. Atoms need a certain quanta of energy to jump to each state of energy, and therefore change state depending on how much energy is absorbed and/or released. This applies to all states of matter.
