Answer:
minimum length of a surface crack is 15.043 mm
Explanation:
given data
strain fracture toughness K = 78 MPa
tensile stress = 345 MPa
Y = 1.04
to find out
minimum length of a surface crack
solution
we find here length of critical interior flaw from formula that is
α =
....................1
put here value we get
α = 
α = 15.043 mm
so minimum length of a surface crack is 15.043 mm
Answer:
86 mm
Explanation:
From the attached thermal circuit diagram, equation for i-nodes will be
Equation 1
Similarly, the equation for outer node “o” will be
Equation 2
The conventive thermal resistance in i-node will be
Equation 3
The conventive hermal resistance per unit area is
Equation 4
The conductive thermal resistance per unit area is
Equation 5
Since
is given as 100,
is 40
is 300
is 25
Substituting the values in equations 3,4 and 5 into equations 1 and 2 we obtain
Equation 6
Equation 7
From equation 6 we can substitute wherever there’s
with 3000L+40 as seen in equation 7 hence we obtain
The above can be simplified to be
-3000L=1.665-260
Therefore, insulation thickness is 86mm
Answer:
The pressure difference across hatch of the submarine is 3217.68 kpa.
Explanation:
Gauge pressure is the pressure above the atmospheric pressure. If we consider gauge pressure for finding pressure differential then no need to consider atmospheric pressure as they will cancel out. According to hydrostatic law, pressure varies in the z direction only.
Given:
Height of the hatch is 320 m
Surface gravity of the sea water is 1.025.
Density of water 1000 kg/m³.
Calculation:
Step1
Density of sea water is calculated as follows:

Here, density of sea water is
, surface gravity is S.G and density of water is
.
Substitute all the values in the above equation as follows:


kg/m³.
Step2
Difference in pressure is calculated as follows:


pa.
Or

kpa.
Thus, the pressure difference across hatch of the submarine is 3217.68 kpa.