If Tango measures the speed of sound at its landing site as 240 m/s, while Foxtrot measures speed of sound as 258 m/s at it's la
1 answer:
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We can confirm that the difference between a comet and an asteroid lies in their compositions and physical characteristics <u>derived from those compositions</u>.
As stated in the question, the main difference between an asteroid and a comet is their compositions, meaning the materials from which they form.
Asteroids are rocky objects which a heavy metal composition, while comets tend to be made of dust, ice, and <em><u>some </u></em>rocky material. Some extra differences include:
- Comets reflect a steady amount of light (because of their ice composition)
- Asteroids will <em><u>reflect light at random intervals due to some metals that may be present on their surface</u></em>
- Comets tend to have a tail made of water from the melting ice when reflecting sunlight.
Therefore, we can confirm that the main difference between asteroids and comets is their compositions, which lead to distinct physical characteristics.
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Question:
A 10 gauge copper wire carries a current of 15 A. Assuming one free electron per copper atom, calculate the drift velocity of the electrons. (The cross-sectional area of a 10-gauge wire is 5.261 mm².)
Answer:
3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s
Explanation:
The drift velocity (v) of the electrons in a wire (copper wire in this case) carrying current (I) is given by;
v =
Where;
n = number of free electrons per cubic meter
q = electron charge
A = cross-sectional area of the wire
<em>First let's calculate the number of free electrons per cubic meter (n)</em>
Known constants:
density of copper, ρ = 8.95 x 10³kg/m³
molar mass of copper, M = 63.5 x 10⁻³kg/mol
Avogadro's number, Nₐ = 6.02 x 10²³ particles/mol
But;
The number of copper atoms, N, per cubic meter is given by;
N = (Nₐ x ρ / M) -------------(ii)
<em>Substitute the values of Nₐ, ρ and M into equation (ii) as follows;</em>
N = (6.02 x 10²³ x 8.95 x 10³) / 63.5 x 10⁻³
N = 8.49 x 10²⁸ atom/m³
Since there is one free electron per copper atom, the number of free electrons per cubic meter is simply;
n = 8.49 x 10²⁸ electrons/m³
<em>Now let's calculate the drift electron</em>
Known values from question:
A = 5.261 mm² = 5.261 x 10⁻⁶m²
I = 23A
q = 1.6 x 10⁻¹⁹C
<em>Substitute these values into equation (i) as follows;</em>
v =
v =
v = 3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s
Therefore, the drift electron is 3.22 x 10⁻⁴ m/s