Explanation:
In train's rest frame, the speed of photon is
and the proper length of the train is
. The time taken by the photon to cross the train is 
In ground frame, the speed of the photon is given as follows:


The speed of light or photon remains same in every frame of reference.
Now, the speed of train is very less as compared to the speed of photon so that
So that, 
The length contraction in the ground frame is given as follows:


Time taken by the photon to travel the length of the train in ground frame is .
The time of motion of the ball from the vertical height is independent of the horizontal velocity.
Horizontal moving projectiles is not affected by gravity and the initial velocity is equal to the final velocity.
The time of motion of ball dropped from a vertical height is calculated as follows;

where;
- <em>h </em><em>is the vertical height</em>
- <em>t </em><em>is the </em><em>time </em><em>of motion</em>
- <em>g </em><em>is acceleration due to gravity</em>
- <em />
<em> is the initial </em><em>vertical velocity</em>
From the equation above, we can conclude that time of motion of the ball from the vertical height is independent of the horizontal velocity.
If there is variation in drop time, it could be as a result of applied force when the ball is dropped. This applied force influences the initial velocity which in turn alters the drop time.
Generally, horizontal moving projectiles is not affected by gravity and the initial velocity is equal to the final velocity.
Learn more about horizontal and vertical velocity here: brainly.com/question/14354319
Answer:
(a) There are 3.17 times more shakes in a second than seconds in a year.
(b) Humans have existed for 9067.72 universe seconds.
Explanation:
(a) First we calcule how many seconds are in a year. One year have 365 days, one day has 24 hours, one hour has 60 minutes and one minute has 60 seconds, so:

Now, we calculate how many shakes are in a second:

Finally, we calculate how many more shakes in a second are there than seconds in a year:

(b) Using a simple rule of three we can calculate how many "universe seconds" have humans existed, recall that 1 day has 86400 seconds:
1010 years--------->86400s
106 years----------> x seconds

No B. its false<span> they do not. Lyphnodes are a permant part of the body and you have them in your Neck</span>