D. potential energy, because there is a bunch of water pent up, essentially stationary, waiting to roll down the steep mountain from the peak, so to say. if the dam were to be removed it would become kinetic.
They are halogen elements, or nonmetallic elements in the same GROUP, specifically group 17
Formula for potential energy is V=mgh, where m is mass in KG, g is earth acceleration (10 m/s^2), and h its height in meters. We know mass, acceleration is constant and also known, we know height also. Lets substitute
V=75*10*300=225000[J]=225[kJ] - its the answer
Thank you for your question, what you say is true, the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the Moon has to be equal to the centripetal force.
An interesting application of this principle is that it allows you to determine a relation between the period of an orbit and its size. Let us assume for simplicity the Moon's orbit as circular (it is not, but this is a good approximation for our purposes).
The gravitational acceleration that the Moon experience due to the gravitational attraction from the Earth is given by:
ag=G(MEarth+MMoon)/r2
Where G is the gravitational constant, M stands for mass, and r is the radius of the orbit. The centripetal acceleration is given by:
acentr=(4 pi2 r)/T2
Where T is the period. Since the two accelerations have to be equal, we obtain:
(4 pi2 r) /T2=G(MEarth+MMoon)/r2
Which implies:
r3/T2=G(MEarth+MMoon)/4 pi2=const.
This is the so-called third Kepler law, that states that the cube of the radius of the orbit is proportional to the square of the period.
This has interesting applications. In the Solar System, for example, if you know the period and the radius of one planet orbit, by knowing another planet's period you can determine its orbit radius. I hope that this answers your question.
