Answer:
Option b
Explanation:
Metamorphism is the process where the variation of the geological texture resulting from the different arrangement of the minerals or the variation of minerals in protoliths, i.e., pre- existing rocks take place such that there occurs no change in state of the protolith, i.e., it does not melt into magma.
The change takes place as a result of the presence of chemically active fluids, heat and pressure.
There is a reaction between the chemically active fluid and the rock through which it passes and promotes the movement of the dissolved ions of silicate and promotes the growth of the mineral grains.
It is a battery (the long and short lines represent 2 cells)
Answer: the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 cm is 3906250 N/m
Explanation:
Given that;
mass of vehicle m = 1000 kg
for a low speed test; V = 2.5 m/s
bumper maximum deflection = 4 cm = 0.04 m
First we determine the energy of the vehicle just prior to impact;
W_v = 1/2mv²
we substitute
W_v = 1/2 × 1000 × (2.5)²
W_v = 3125 J
now, the the effective design stiffness k will be:
at the impact point, energy of the vehicle converts to elastic potential energy of the bumper;
hence;
W_v = 1/2kx²
we substitute
3125 = 1/2 × k (0.04)²
3125 = 0.0008k
k = 3125 / 0.0008
k = 3906250 N/m
Therefore, the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 cm is 3906250 N/m
