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1 year ago

ceramics must be heated in order to harden the clay and make it durable. the equipment used to heat the clay

1 answer:

5 0

Ceramics must be heated in order to harden the clay and make it durable. The tool used to heat the clay is called a Kiln.

<h3>What happens when ceramic is heated?</h3>

Cristobalite is a silica polymorph that is used in ceramics. Quartz particles in porcelain can change into cristobalite during burning. This has effects on the fired matrix's thermal expansion. When there is a high level of vitrification or a shape is unstable during the firing of ceramic ware, warping occurs.

Ceramic items are porous, brittle, and rigid. They are thus employed in the production of glass, ceramics, cement, and bricks. Additionally, ceramics are employed extensively in gas turbine engines. Artificial bones and dental implants are both made of bio-ceramics.

Any of the several tough, fragile, heat- and corrosion-resistant materials created by sculpting and then heating an inorganic, nonmetallic material like clay to a high temperature are known as ceramics.

In order to solidify the clay and make ceramics durable, heat must be applied. A kiln is the name of the device used to heat clay.

To learn more about ceramics refer to:

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What is the metal removal rate when a 2 in-diameter hole 3.5 in deep is drilled in 1020 steel at cutting speed of 120 fpm with a

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Answer:

a) the metal removal rate is 14.4 in³/min

b) the cutting time is 0.98 min

Explanation:

Given the data from the question

first we find the rpm for the spindle of the drilling tool, using the equation

Ns = 12V/πD

V is the cutting speed(120 fpm) and D is the diameter of the hole( 2 in)

so we substitute

Ns = 12 × 120 / π2

Ns = 1440 / 6.2831

Ns = 229.18 rmp

Now we find the metal removal rate using the equation

MRR = (πD²/4) Fr × Ns

Fr is the feed rate( 0.02 ipr ),

so we substitute

MRR = ((π × 2²)/4) × 0.02 × 229.18

MRR = 14.3998 ≈ 14.4 in³/min

Therefore the metal removal rate is 14.4 in³/min

Next we find the allowance for approach of the tip of the drill

A = D/2

A = 2/2

= 1 in

now find the time required to drill the hole

Tm = (L + A) / (Fr × Ns)

Lis the the depth of the hole( 3.5 in)

so we substitute our values

Tm = (3.5 + 1) / (0.02 × 229.18 )

Tm = 4.5 / 4.5836

Tm = 0.98 min

Therefore the cutting time is 0.98 min

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