Answer:
The correct option is d.
Explanation:
The reaction in the question is that for the formation of ammonia. The arrow in the reaction should be a reversible arrow. Because of the negative ΔH value, the forward reaction is exothermic while the reverse reaction is endothermic.
An increase in temperature of a system at equilibrium favors the endothermic reaction, hence the reverse reaction (the reactants) is favored. And when the reverse reaction is favored, more reactants are produced. Hence, product formation (at equilibrium) is not favored as the temperature is raised.
Answer: A: high ionization energies; high electron affinitlies.
Explanation: Covalent bonds are basically about sharing of electrons between two atoms to achieve that stable structure. They are formed between two atoms when both have similar tendencies to attract electrons to themselves (i.e., when both atoms have identical or fairly similar ionization energies and electron affinities). Covalent bonding usually occurs between two non-metals.
For effective and proper bonding, the two atoms involved in the covalent bonding exercise should be small and hungry for electrons. This is to enable the nuclei of both atoms to effectively attract and hold the shared electron(s) in place; hence, the need for high ionization energies & high electron affinities for a more effective covalent bonding.
Both elements and compounds are pure substances. While elements are not made of simpler substances, compounds are made up of two or more chemical elements that are chemically combined.
Answer:
B: it allow quick conversation to others
