Question

Write the condensed ground-state electron configurations of these transition metal ions, and state which are paramagnetic:

Answer 1

The ground-state electron configurations of $Cd^{2+}$ transition metal ions are diamagnetic [Kr] $4d^{10}$. The ion is diamagnetic because there all electrons are paired.

What is Diamagnetic?

• A magnetic field repels diamagnetic materials because it induces an opposing magnetic field in them when it is applied, which produces a repelling force.
• In contrast, a magnetic field draws paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials together.
• All materials experience the quantum mechanical phenomenon known as diamagnetism, which is the only source of magnetism in a material.
• The magnetic dipoles within paramagnetic and ferromagnetic materials exert an attracting force that outweighs the modest diamagnetic force.
• Diamagnetic materials have a magnetic permeability that is less than vacuum, or 0.
• Although superconductors behave as strong diamagnets, diamagnetism is often a modest effect that can only be observed by sophisticated laboratory equipment.

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