Answer:
The 2s orbital is at a higher energy level.
Explanation:
1s and 2s are the sub-orbitals that are located in an atom. They are nearest to the nucleus and are found on the s sub-orbital. The difference between 1s and 2s is the difference in their level of energy. 1s has low energy as compared to 2s. 1s orbital has the lowest energy because it is located closed to the nucleus. 2s orbital has higher energy than 1s because it's orbit is larger than 1s.
39.25 g of water (H₂O)
Explanation:
We have the following chemical reaction:
2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O
Now we calculate the number of moles of each reactant:
number of moles = mass / molar weight
number of moles of H₂ = 14.8 / 2 = 7.4 moles
number of moles of O₂ = 34.8 / 32 = 1.09 moles
We see from the chemical reaction that 2 moles of H₂ will react with 1 mole of O₂ so 7.4 moles of H₂ will react with 3.7 moles of O₂ but we only have 1.09 moles of O₂ available. The O₂ will be the limiting reactant. Knowing this we devise the following reasoning:
if 1 moles of O₂ produces 2 moles of H₂O
then 1.09 moles of O₂ produces X moles of H₂O
X = (1.09 × 2) / 1 = 2.18 moles of H₂O
mass = number of moles × molar weight
mass of H₂O = 2.18 × 18 = 39.25 g
Learn more about:
limiting reactant
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<u>Given:</u>
H2(g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl (g)
<u>To determine:</u>
The enthalpy of the reaction and whether it is endo or exothermic
<u>Explanation:</u>
Enthalpy of a reaction is given by the difference between the enthalpy of formation of reactants and products
ΔH = ∑nHf (products) - ∑nHf (reactants)
= [2Hf(HCl)] - [Hf(H2) + Hf(Cl2)] = 2 (-92.3) kJ = - 184.6 kJ
Since the reaction enthalpy is negative, the reaction is exothermic
<u>Ans:</u> The enthalpy of reaction is -184. kJ and the reaction is exothermic
Answer:
Explanation:
Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While all atoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.
In 1897, J.J. Thomson discovered the electron by experimenting with a Crookes, or cathode ray, tube. He demonstrated that cathode rays were negatively charged. In addition, he also studied positively charged particles in neon gas.
Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in 1911 with his well-known gold foil experiment in which he demonstrated that the atom has a tiny and heavy nucleus. Rutherford designed an experiment to use the alpha particles emitted by a radioactive element as probes to the unseen world of atomic structure.
The Bohr model shows the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by orbiting electrons. Bohr was the first to discover that electrons travel in separate orbits around the nucleus and that the number of electrons in the outer orbit determines the properties of an element.
