Answer:
(c) The retention time would be higher (d) The retention time would be lower.
Explanation:
For the polar solutes which were separated using the hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) with a strongly polar bonded phase, the retention time would be higher if eluent were changed from 80 vol% to 90 vol% acetonitrile in water.
However, for the polar solutes which were separated using the normal-phase chromatography on bare silica with methyl t=butyl ether and 2-propanol solvent, the retention time would be lower if the eluent were changed from 40 vol% to 60 vol% 2-propanol.
Boiling point elevation is given as:
ΔTb=iKbm
Where,
ΔTb=elevation in the boiling point
that is given by expression:
ΔTb=Tb (solution) - Tb (pure solvent)
Here Tb (pure solvent)=118.1 °C
i for CaCO3= 2
Kb=2.93 °C/m
m=Molality of CaCO₃:
Molality of CaCO₃=Number of moles of CaCO₃/ Mass of solvent (Kg)
=(Given Mass of CaCO3/Molar mass of CaCO₃)/ Mass of solvent (Kg)
=(100.0÷100 g/mol)/0.4
= 2.5 m
So now putting value of m, i and Kb in the boiling point elevation equation we get:
ΔTb=iKbm
=2×2.93×2.5
=14.65 °C
boiling point of a solution can be calculated:
ΔTb=Tb (solution) - Tb (pure solvent)
14.65=Tb (solution)-118.1
Tb (solution)=118.1+14.65
=132.75
Carbon dioxide is a compound. Oxygen is an element. A compound is 2 or more elements chemically combined. An element is a pure substance. A mixture is combining two or more different compounds/elements.
Azeotrope is a mixture of two or more liquids whose proportions cannot be changed by simple distillation.
Explanation:
Nitic acid and water is an example of azeotrope. The composition of 68% of nitric acid and 32% of water by mass in a boiling point of 393.5k.
The composition of perchloric acid (71.6%) and water boils at 203°c. Pure iron solution weights about 10g is placed in a beaker, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid mixtures are added and heated to dissolve. Add perchloric acid until it evaporate and produces white smoke.cool it down add water and dissolve the salt.
