How does a lithium cation compare to a lithium atom?
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Answer : The partial pressure of at equilibrium are, 1.133, 2.009, 0.574 bar respectively. The total pressure at equilibrium is, 3.716 bar
Solution : Given,
Initial pressure of = 1.42 bar
Initial pressure of = 2.87 bar
= 0.036
The given equilibrium reaction is,
Initially 1.42 2.87 0
At equilibrium (1.42-x) (2.87-3x) 2x
The expression of will be,
Now put all the values of partial pressure, we get
By solving the term x, we get
From the values of 'x' we conclude that, x = 3.889 can not more than initial partial pressures. So, the value of 'x' which is equal to 3.889 is not consider.
Thus, the partial pressure of at equilibrium = 2x = 2 × 0.287 = 0.574 bar
The partial pressure of at equilibrium = (1.42-x) = (1.42-0.287) = 1.133 bar
The partial pressure of at equilibrium = (2.87-3x) = [2.87-3(0.287)] = 2.009 bar
The total pressure at equilibrium = Partial pressure of + Partial pressure of
+ Partial pressure of
The total pressure at equilibrium = 1.133 + 2.009 + 0.574 = 3.716 bar
Given that, an experiment to measure the enthalpy change for the reaction of aqueous copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4(aq) and zinc, Zn(s) was carried out in a coffee cup calorimeter; the heat of the reaction in the whole system is calculated to be 2218.34 kJ
Heat of reaction (i.e enthalpy of reaction) is the quantity of heat that is required to be added or removed when a chemical reaction is taken place in order to maintain all of the compounds present at the same temperature.
The formula used to calculate the heat of the reaction can be expressed as follows:
Q = mcΔT
where:
- Q = quantity of heat transfer
- m = mass
- c = specific heat of water = 4.18 kJ/g °C (constant)
- ΔT = change in temparature
From the information given:
- The initial temperature (T₁) = 25° C
- The final temperature (T₂) = 91.5° C
∴
The change in temperature i.e. ΔT = T₂ - T₁
ΔT = 91.5° C - 25° C
ΔT = 66.5° C
The number of moles of CuSO₄ = 1.00 mol/dm³ × 50.0 cm³
= 0.05 moles
- Since the molar mass of CuSO₄ = 159.609 g/mol
Then;
Using the relation:
By crossing multiplying;
mass of CuSO₄ = number of moles of CuSO₄ × molar mass of CuSO₄
mass of CuSO₄ = 0.05 moles × 159.609 g/moles
mass of CuSO₄ = 7.9805 grams
∴
Using the formula from above:
Q = mcΔT
Q = 7.9805 g × 4.18 kJ/g °C × 66.5° C
Q = 2218.34 kJ
Therefore, we can conclude that the heat of the reaction is 2218.34 kJ
Learn more about the chemical reaction here: