How does a lithium cation compare to a lithium atom?

Karo-lina-s [1.5K]

Answer & Explanation:

The reason why is because global fossil fuel consumption is on the rise, and new reserves are becoming harder to find. Those that are discovered are significantly smaller than the ones that have been found in the past.

Oil: Consumption (Predictions): Over 11 Billion tonnes Annually. If we carry on as we are, our known oil deposits could run out in just over 53 years.

Gas (Predictions): If we increase gas production to fill the energy gap left by oil, our known gas reserves only give us just 52 years left.

Coal: Although it’s often claimed that we have enough coal to last hundreds of years, this doesn’t take into account the need for increased production if we run out of oil and gas, our known coal deposits could be gone in 150 years.

For example, oil reserves are a good example: 16 of the 20 largest oil fields in the world have reached peak level production – they’re simply too small to keep up with global demand.

During the year of 2015, fossil fuels made up 81.5% of total U.S. energy consumption. The number is most likely increasing every year.

(fyi: the graph provided is showing future energy reserves for coal, gas and oil. approxiamately.)

7 0

3 years ago

Acetylene is hyrodgenated to form ethane. The feed to the reactor contains 1.60 mol H2/mol C2H2. The reaction proceeds to comple

Black_prince [1.1K]

Answer:

Explanation:

C₂H₂ + 2H₂ = C₂H₆

1 mole 2 mole 1 mole

Feed of reactant is 1.6 mole H₂ / mole C₂H₂

or 1.6 mole of H₂ for 1 mole of C₂H₂

required ratio as per chemical reaction written above

2 mole of H₂ for 1 mole of C₂H₂

So H₂ is in short supply . Hence it is limiting reagent .

1.6 mole of H₂ will react with half of 1.6 mole or .8 mole of C₂H₂ to form .8 mole of C₂H₆

a )Calculate the stoichiometric reactant ratio = mole H₂ reacted/mole C₂H₂ reacted

= 1.6 / .8 = 2 .

b )

yield ratio = mole C₂H₆ formed / mole H₂ reacted ) = 0.8 / 1.6 = 1/2 = 0.5 .

4 0

3 years ago

A 50/50 blend of engine coolant and water (by volume) is usually used in an automobile's engine cooling system. If a car's cooli

Diano4ka-milaya [45]

Answer:

$\large \boxed{109.17 \, ^{\circ}\text{C}}$

Explanation:

Data:

50/50 ethylene glycol (EG):water

V = 4.70 gal

ρ(EG) = 1.11 g/mL

ρ(water) = 0.988 g/mL

Calculations:

The formula for the boiling point elevation ΔTb is

$\Delta T_{b} = iK_{b}b$

i is the van’t Hoff factor — the number of moles of particles you get from 1 mol of solute. For EG, i = 1.

1. Moles of EG

$\rm n = 0.50 \times \text{4.70 gal} \times \dfrac{\text{3.785 L}}{\text{1 gal}} \times \dfrac{\text{1000 mL}}{\text{1 L}} \times \dfrac{\text{1.11 g}}{\text{1 mL}} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol}}{\text{62.07 g}} = \text{159 mol}$

2. Kilograms of water

$m = 0.50 \times \text{4.70 gal} \times \dfrac{\text{3.785 L}}{\text{1 gal}} \times \dfrac{\text{998 g}}{\text{1 L}} \times \dfrac{\text{1 kg}}{\text{1000 g}} = \text{8.88 kg}$

3. Molal concentration of EG

$b = \dfrac{\text{159 mol}}{\text{8.88 kg}} = \text{17.9 mol/kg}$

4. Increase in boiling point

$\rm \Delta T_{b} = iK_{b}b = 1 \times 0.512 \, \, ^{\circ}\text{C} \cdot kg \cdot mol^{-1} \, \times 17.9 \cdot mol \cdot kg^{-1} = 9.17 \, ^{\circ}\text{C}$

5. Boiling point

$\rm T_{b} = T_{b}^{\circ} + \Delta T_{b} = 100.00 \, ^{\circ}\text{C} + 9.17 \, ^{\circ}\text{C} = \mathbf{109.17 \, ^{\circ}C}\\\rm \text{The boiling point of the solution is $\large \boxed{\mathbf{109.17 \, ^{\circ}C}}$}$

7 0

3 years ago

Choose the solvent below that would show the greatest boiling point elevation when used to make a 0.10 m nonelectrolyte solution

postnew [5]

Answer is: 1) ccl4, kb = 29.9°c/m, carbon tetrachloride has the greatest boiling point elevation.

The boiling point elevation is directly proportional to the molality of the solution according to the equation: ΔTb = Kb · b.

<span> ΔTb - the boiling point elevation.
Kb - the ebullioscopic constant.
b - molality of the solution.
So the highest boiling poing elevation will be for solution with highest ebullioscopic constant because molality is the same.</span>

5 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

How does mass affect heat absorbed

saul85 [17]

Answer:

Explanation:

Since the transferred heat is equal to the change in the internal energy, the heat is proportional to the mass of the substance and the temperature change. The transferred heat also depends on the substance so that, for example, the heat necessary to raise the temperature is less for alcohol than for water. Hope that helps!:)

5 0

3 years ago