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stiks02 [169]
3 years ago
14

Balance each of the following examples of heterogeneous equilibria and write each Kc expression. Then calculate the value of Kc

for the reverse reaction.
(1) Al(s) + NaOH(aq) + H2O(l) ⇋ Na[Al(OH)4](aq) + H2(g) Kc for balanced reaction = 11
(2) H2O(l) + SO3(g) ⇋ H2SO4 (aq) Kc for balanced reaction = 0.0123
(3) P4(s) + O2(g) ⇋ P4O6(s) Kc for balanced reaction = 1.56
Chemistry
1 answer:
marysya [2.9K]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation:

1) 2 Al(s) + 2 NaOH(aq) + 6 H_2O(l) \longleftrightarrow 2 Na[Al(OH)_4](aq) + 7 H_2(g)

Kc=\frac{[Na[Al(OH)_4]]^2*[H_2]^7}{[NaOH]^2}

The Kc for the reverse reaction is the inverse of the Kc of the reaction:

Kc_{reverse}=\frac{1}{Kc}=\frac{1}{11}=0.091

2) H_2O(l) + SO_3(g) \longleftrightarrow H_2SO_4 (aq)

Kc=\frac{[H_2SO_4]}{[SO_3]^2}

The Kc for the reverse reaction is the inverse of the Kc of the reaction:

Kc_{reverse}=\frac{1}{Kc}=\frac{1}{0.0123}=81.3

3)  P_4(s) + 3 O_2(g) \longleftrightarrow P_4O_6(s)

Kc=\frac{1}{[O_2]^3}

The Kc for the reverse reaction is the inverse of the Kc of the reaction:

Kc_{reverse}=\frac{1}{Kc}=\frac{1}{1.56}=0.641

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2 years ago
A chemist titrates 130.0mL of a 0.4248 M lidocaine (C14H21NONH) solution with 0.4429 M HBr solution at 25 degree C . Calculate t
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Answer:

pH = 3.36

Explanation:

Lidocaine is a weak base to be titrated with the strong acid HBr, therefore at equivalence point we wil have the protonated lidocaine weak conjugate acid of lidocaine which will drive the pH.

Thus to solve the question we will need to calculate the concentration of this weak acid at equivalence point.

Molarity = mol /V ∴ mol = V x M

mol lidocaine = (130 mL/1000 mL/L) x 0.4248 mol/L = 0.0552 mol

The volume of 0.4429 M HBr required to neutralize this 0.0552 mol is

0.0552 mol x  (1L / 0.4429mol) = 0.125 L

Total volume at equivalence is  initial volume lidocaine + volume HBr added

0 .130 L +0.125 L = 0.255L

and the concentration of protonated lidocaine at the end of the titration will be

0.0552 mol / 0.255 L = 0.22M

Now to calculate the pH we setup our customary ICE table for  weak acids for the equilibria:

protonated lidocaine + H₂O   ⇆  lidocaine + H₃O⁺

                      protonated lidocaine          lidocaine        H₃O⁺

Initial(M)               0.22                                       0                  0

Change                   -x                                      +x                 +x

Equilibrium          0.22 - x                                  x                    x

We know for this equilibrium

Ka = [Lidocaine] [H₃O⁺] / [protonaded Lidocaine] =  x² / ( 0.22 - x )

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Kb = antilog( - 7.94 ) = 1.15 x 10⁻⁸

Ka = Kw / Kb = 10⁻¹⁴ / 1.15 x 10⁻⁸  = 8.71 x 10⁻⁷

Since Ka is very small we can make the approximation 0.22  - x  ≈ 0.22

and solve for x. The pH  will then  be the negative log of this value.

8.71 x 10⁻⁷  = x² / 0.22 ⇒ x = √(/ 8.71 X 10⁻⁷ x 0.22) = 4.38 x 10⁻⁴

( Indeed our approximation checks since 4.38 x 10⁻⁴ is just 0.2 % of 0.22 )

pH = - log ( 4.4x 10⁻⁴) = 3.36

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