The phase change from liquid water to water vapor involves more energy than the phase change from water vapor to liquid water. s
1 answer:
You might be interested in
Answer:
a) For nicotine, the protonated form is the present in stomach.
b) For caffeine, the neutral base form is the present in stomach.
c) For Strychinene, the protonated form is the present in stomach.
d) For quinine, the protonated form is the present in stomach.
Explanation:
In a basic dissociation for molecules with basic nitrogen, the equilibrium is:
A + H₂O ⇄ AH⁺ + OH⁻
<em>Where A is neutral base and AH⁺ is protonated form</em>
The basic dissociation constant, kb, is:
As pH in stomach is 2,5:
[OH] =
[OH] = 3,16x10⁻¹² M
Thus:
<em>(1)</em>
Using (1) it is possible to know if you have the neutral base or the protonated form, thus:
(a) nicotine Kb = 7x10^-7
[AH⁺}>>>>[A]
For nicotine, the protonated form is the present in stomach
(b) caffeine,Kb= 4x10^-14
[AH⁺}<<<<[A]
For caffeine, the neutral base form is the present in stomach
(c) strychnine Kb= 1x10^-6
[AH⁺}>>>>[A]
For Strychinene, the protonated form is the present in stomach
(d) quinine, Kb= 1.1x10^-6
[AH⁺}>>>>[A]
For quinine, the protonated form is the present in stomach.
I hope it helps!