In terms of an equation, the momentum of an object is equal to the mass of the object times the velocity of the object. where m is the mass and v is the velocity. The equation<span> illustrates that momentum is directly </span>proportional<span> to an object's mass and directly </span>proportional<span> to the object's velocity.</span>
Each dot represents a valence electron. Valence electrons are the electron on the outer electron shell of an atom.<span>
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The electrostatic force between two charges Q1 and q is given by

where
ke is the Coulomb's constant
Q1 is the first charge
q is the second charge
r is the distance between the two charges
Re-arranging the formula, we have

and since we know the value of the force F, of the charge Q1 and the distance r between the two charges, we can calculate the value of q:

And since the force is attractive, the two charges must have opposite sign, so the charge q must have negative sign.
A storm surge which is when the winds of the hurricane pull water levels up and cause floods inland