Gay-Lussac's law states:

See the questions on the sheet

Sergio [31]

Answer:

Question 1. Nonpolar covalent

Question 2. The fluorine atom is able to attract the shared electrons more strongly than a hydrogen atom

Question 3. True

Explanation:

Question 1

First of all, oxygen is a molecular compound, as it consists of non-metal atoms only (oxygen). This means we wouldn't expect to have any ionic bonding in it, as it doesn't contain a metal ion. A molecular compound has covalent bonding.

Whenever a diatomic molecule contains the same two atoms bonded by a bond, we expect to have a non-polar bond. This is due to the fact that the two atoms are identical and have the same values of electronegativity, meaning the difference in their electronegativity values is 0 and we have no net polarity within the bond.

For a bond between two different atoms, the molecule would be polar, as one atom would have a greater electronegativity (electron withdrawing force) compared to the other atom.

Question 2

Based on the principles of polarity, whenever we have a diatomic molecule, it's only non-polar when the two atoms are the same. In case of HF, we have two different atoms: hydrogen and fluorine. Since the two atoms are not identical, the molecule would be polar overall, as fluorine is more electronegative than hydrogen. Simply speaking, it means that fluorine attracts the shared electrons within the H-F bond stronger than hydrogen does. This makes a difference in electronegativity values between H and F non-zero and an overall polar bond.

Question 3

We may recall the Coulombic force equation. It states that the attraction force is directly proportional to the charge and inversely proportional to the square of a distance between the two charges.

A bond formed between two atoms or ions is the closest distance the two species can approach each other. Intermolecular forces, in contrast, are the forces that atoms experience within a distance greater than the bond length. We may conclude that for a greater distance, the Coulombic force is lower and, hence, the strength of intermolecular forces are significantly lower compared to covalent or ionic bonds.

7 0

3 years ago

Calculate the energy (in J/atom) for vacancy formation in silver, given that the equilibrium number of vacancies at 800 C is 3.6

MAXImum [283]

Answer:

the energy vacancies for formation in silver is $\mathbf{Q_v = 3.069*10^{-4} \ J/atom}$

Explanation:

Given that:

the equilibrium number of vacancies at 800 °C

i.e T = 800°C is 3.6 x 10¹⁷ cm3

Atomic weight of sliver = 107.9 g/mol

Density of silver = 9.5 g/cm³

Let's first determine the number of atoms in silver

Let silver be represented by N

SO;

$N = \dfrac{N_A* \rho _{Ag}}{A_{Ag}}$

where ;

$N_A =$ avogadro's number = $6.023*10^{23} \ atoms/mol$

$\rho _{Ag}$ = Density of silver = 9.5 g/cm³

$A_{Ag}$ = Atomic weight of sliver = 107.9 g/mol

$N = \dfrac{(6.023*10^{23} \ atoms/mol)*( 9.5 \ g/cm^3)}{(107.9 \ g/mol)}$

N = 5.30 × 10²⁸ atoms/m³

However;

The equation for equilibrium number of vacancies can be represented by the equation:

$N_v = N \ e^{^{-\dfrac{Q_v}{KT}}$

From above; Considering the natural logarithm on both sides; we have:

$In \ N_v =In N - \dfrac{Q_v}{KT}$

Making $Q_v$ the subject of the formula; we have:

${Q_v = - {KT} In( \dfrac{ \ N_v }{ N})$

where;

K = Boltzmann constant = 8.62 × 10⁻⁵ eV/atom .K

Temperature T = 800 °C = (800+ 273) K = 1073 K

$Q _v =-( 8.62*10^{-5} \ eV/atom.K * 1073 \ K) \ In( \dfrac{3.6*10^{17}}{5.3 0*10^{28}})$

$\mathbf{Q_v = 2.38 \ eV/atom}$

Where;

1 eV = 1.602176565 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

Then

$Q_v = (2.38 \ * 1.602176565 * 10^{-19} ) J/atom }$

$\mathbf{Q_v = 3.069*10^{-4} \ J/atom}$

Thus, the energy vacancies for formation in silver is $\mathbf{Q_v = 3.069*10^{-4} \ J/atom}$

8 0

3 years ago

An aqueous solution of iron(II) iodide has a concentration of 0.215 molal. The percent by mass of iron(II) iodide in the solutio

Basile [38]

Answer:

6.24%

Explanation:

Molality by definition means a measurement of the number of moles of solute in solution with 1000 gm or 1Kg solvent. Notice the difference that Molarity is defined on the volume of solution and Molality on the mass of solvent.

So, An aqueous solution of iron(II) iodide has a concentration of 0.215 molal.

means 0.215 moles are present in 1 Kg of solvent.

The molar mass of Fe2I = 309.65 g / mole

mass of FeI2 = moles x molar mass

= 0.215 x 309.65

=66.57 gm

mass % of FeI2 = mass of FeI2 x 100 / total mass

= 66.57x 100 / (1000 +66.57)

= 6.24%

8 0

3 years ago

A chemistry student adds a quantity of an unknown solid compound X to 5.00 L of distilled water at 15.° C . After 10 minutes of

Yuliya22 [10]

Answer:

34 g/100 mL

Explanation:

The solubility of a compound can be expressed in g/100mL, for this we must divide the mass of the compound that dissolves in the solute by the volume of the solvent.

The solvent, in this case, is water, and that mass of the solute X that dissolved is the mass that was recovered after the solvent was drained and evaporated. So the solubility of X (S) is:

S = 0.17 kg/5L

S = 170g/5000mL

S = 170g/(5*1000)mL

S = 34 g/100 mL

8 0

3 years ago

why do you think you can find silver and gold on their own in rocks but calcium and magnesium are combined with other elements t

katrin [286]

Explanation:

Silver and Gold belong to a special group of metals known as the native metals. They are found naturally on their own and not in combined form in rocks.

These metals are found uncombined because they are unreactive.
They prefer to alloy with themselves.
Calcium and magnesium on the other hand are reactive metals.
The unreactivity of these metals makes them uncombined in nature.

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers