Anions are solvated in protic hydrogen-bonding solvents (such as ethanol). Consequently, nucleophiles are less reactive. Since soft nucleophiles are less strongly solvated than hard nucleophiles, these solvents boost the relative reactivity of soft anions.
<h3>
Ethanol is either a nucleophile or a base.</h3>
The ethanol is a base Because carbocation is an extremely reactive species, a base or nucleophile as weak as ethanol can replace or remove it. SN1 and E1 would not be conceivable without the carbocation or a strong departing group.
<h3>How do solvents impact anionic nucleophile's reactivity?</h3>
In polar aprotic solvents, nucleophilic substitution reactions of anionic nucleophiles often proceed more quickly. The normal relative reactivity order in such solvents (like DMSO)is Anions are solvated in protic hydrogen-bonding solvents (such as ethanol). Consequently, nucleophiles are less reactive.
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At almost the opposite point on the Earth's surface, the "P" waves reappear. The shadow zone exists because the waves are refracted as they pass through the boundary between the mantle and the core and are diverted from their original paths.
