Answer:
autotrophs and heterotrophs. Autotrophs (producers) use energy directly from the sun or from chemicals to produce organic molecules. Photoautotrophs such as plants use energy from sunlight to make organic compounds by photosynthesis.
The contact force is indeed caused by "Contact".
Air resistance is basically a type of friction, which is apparently present providing two object contact.
The rest selections are all interaction force, which is not necessarily caused by contact.
<u>Correct Question:</u>
Calculate the distance (in km) charlie runs if he maintains an average speed of 8 km/hr for 1 hour
<u>Answer:</u>
The total distance covered by Charlie is 8 km in 1 hour.
<u>Explanation:</u>
The average velocity as given in the question is,
v = 8 km/hr
Total time taken,

As we know the formula to evaluate the total distance d when the average velocity and time is given;




Hence, the total distance covered by Charlie in 1 hour will be 8 km.
Let the sphere is having charge Q and radius R
Now if the proton is released from rest
By energy conservation we can say



now take square root of both sides

so the proton will move by above speed and
here Q = charge on the sphere
R = radius of sphere

I would assume air resistance is negligible and so the acceleration of the package would be approximately 9.81 m/s².
Taking downwards as positive, use v²=u²+2as.
v²=(-2)²+2(9.81)(14)
v=16.7 m/s