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mr_godi [17]
3 years ago
14

In going across a row of the periodic table, protons and electrons are added and ionization energy generally increases. In going

down a column of the periodic table, protons and electrons are also being added but ionization generally decreases. Explain.
Chemistry
1 answer:
RoseWind [281]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionization energy:

It is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the electron from isolated gaseous atom to make the ion.

As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell.

When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.  Where as,

When we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.

As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also  decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.

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Consider these elements: p, ca, si, s, ga.<br> a. write the electron configuration for each element
dimulka [17.4K]
Method:

1) Find the atomic number in a periodic table: the number of electrons equal the atomic number

2) Use Aufbau rule

Element     atomic number       electron configuration
<span>
P                15                            1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3

Ca              20                            </span><span><span>1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

</span>Si                14</span><span>                            1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2

S                 16</span><span><span>                            1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4

</span>Ga               31.                   </span><span><span>        1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p</span>       </span>
7 0
3 years ago
Which isotope will spontaneously decay and emit particles with a charge of +2?
VikaD [51]

Answer: The correct option is 4.

Explanation: All the options will undergo some type of radioactive decay processes. There are 3 decay processes:

1) Alpha decay: It is a decay process in which alpha particle is released which has has a mass number of 4 and a charge of +2.

_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-2}^{A-4}\textrm{Y}+_2^4\alpha

2) Beta-minus decay: It is a decay in which a beta particle is released. The  beta particle released has a mass number of 0 and a charge of (-1).

_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^A\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^0\beta

3) Beta-plus decay: It is a decay process in which a positron is released. The positron released has a mass number of 0 and has a charge of +1.

_Z^A\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-1}^A\textrm{Y}+_{+1}^0\beta

For the given options:

Option 1: This nuclei will undergo beta-plus decay process to form _{25}^{53}\textrm{Mn}

_{26}^{53}\textrm{Fe}\rightarrow _{25}^{53}\textrm{Mn}+_{+1}^0\beta

Option 2: This nuclei will undergo beta-minus decay process to form _{80}^{198}\textrm{Hg}

_{79}^{198}\textrm{Au}\rightarrow _{80}^{198}\textrm{Hg}+_{-1}^0\beta

Option 3: This nuclei will undergo a beta minus decay process to form _{56}^{137}\textrm{Ba}

_{55}^{137}\textrm{Cs}\rightarrow _{56}^{137}\textrm{Ba}+_{-1}^0\beta

Option 4: This nuclei will undergo an alpha decay process to form _{85}^{216}\textrm{At}

_{87}^{220}\textrm{Fr}\rightarrow _{85}^{216}\textrm{At}+_2^4\alpha

Hence, the correct option is 4.

7 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Help!!! I need ur help! If u help me I’m going to be so happy. The question is so tricky for me and I don’t know it. If u help m
Mekhanik [1.2K]

I take that the insects remain constant no matter what happens to the frogs (which the frogs eat presumably). So a constant food supply for the frogs is not the problem.

The line for the alligators increases over time. It their numbers increase, the frogs are in trouble. The alligators will pursue lunch with determined single mindedness and there are more of them around.

So the frogs should decrease. Their natural enemy is the alligator and alligators won't go after insects. It's not worth their time.

A is the only answer you can choose.

8 0
2 years ago
Andi performs the calculation that is shown below.
Sergio039 [100]

Answer: -

A) 3.59

Explanation: -

The number of significant figures in 2.06 = 3

The number of significant figures in 1.743 = 4

The number of significant figures in 1.00 = 3

During multiplication of significant figures, the number of significant figures in the answer would be the smallest value that is 3 in this case.

2.06 x 1.743 x 1.00 = 3.5908.

The answer to 3 significant figures is

2.06 x 1.743 x 1.00 = 3.59

Thus, Andi when performs the calculation that is shown below.

(2.06)(1.743)(1.00) the answer be reported using the correct number of significant figures as A) 3.59

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3 years ago
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How many grams of CO are needed to react with 3.34 g of Fe2O3?
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How many grams of CO are are needed to react with 3.34g of fe203?
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