A pendulum possess two types of energies i.e. kinetic energy and potential energy. We know that a pendulum oscillates about its mean position. At both extreme points, it have zero kinetic energy and maximum potential energy. As it swings down, its potential energy gets converted to the kinetic energy.
As a result, it have zero potential energy and maximum kinetic energy at the bottom point. Hence, the pendulum have the greatest kinetic energy at the bottom.
At the lowest point of its motion, kinetic energy is maximum and potential energy is minimum. This is where the velocity is a maximum. At the highest point of its motion, kinetic energy is minimum (i.e. zero) and potential energy is maximum.
