Answer:
Part a)

Part b)

Explanation:
As we know that the energy of capacitor when it is not connected to potential source is given as

As we know that initial energy is given as

now we know that capacitance of parallel plate capacitor is given as

now the new capacitance when distance is changed from 3.80 mm to 1.45 mm



Now the new energy of the capacitor is given as


Part b)
Now if the voltage difference between the plates of capacitor is given constant
now the energy energy of capacitor is


now when capacitance is changed to new value then new energy is given as



The amount of heat needed to melt the block of lead is 
Explanation:
The amount of heat needed to melt a solid substance already at its melting point is given by the equation

where
m is the mass of the substance
is the specific latent heat of fusion
In this problem, we have a block of lead already at its melting point,
. Its mass is
m = 200 g = 0.2 kg
and its specific latent heat of fusion is

Therefore, the amount of heat needed for the block to completely melt is

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Answer:
Two times
Explanation:
The crane lifts the cargo twice as high so the potential energy will increase twice the amount.
Answer:
a)
Explanation:
Newton's First law (aka law of inertia) says that any object, not subject to an external influence, must be keep in its present motion status (at rest or moving at constant speed along a straight line) forever.
So, if we see an object in motion slowing down, there must be an external infuence acting on it, that makes it slow down, like a friction force, for instance.
The vehicle accelerates at 2.648 m/s².
We have:
Initial velocity, u = 50 miles per hour = 22.352 m/s
final velocity, v = 80 miles per hour = 35.762 m/s
Time, t = 5 seconds
The time in hours is:
t = 5 seconds
Now, the acceleration of the car can be calculated using the formula:
v = u + at
35.762 = 22.352 + a(5)
a(5) = 30
a = 2.682 m/s²
From the calculations above, the acceleration of the car is 2.682 m/s².
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