They are called reactants.
The larger the kinetic energy of the vehicle, the larger the amount of energy will be needed to stop the vehicle, meaning that faster vehicles have a larger stopping distance
because it can influence how frequently and sufficiently the particles collide depending on the space it has to do so, for example a large surface area would be have a slower rate of reaction and a lower temperature. (the rate of reaction in terms of concentration, it is diffused from high to low)
The net ionic equation of the reaction could be determined by cancelling out the like ions between both sides of the reaction. These ions are called spectator ions. They are called as such because they do not actively participate in the reaction. The spectator ions are Na+ and Cl-. When you cancel those, the equation would become letter D.
Because the cord is wrapped in rubber or plastic and they are not good conductors
