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Harrizon [31]
3 years ago
10

Determine whether the sign of heat or work (relative to the system) is positive or negative. A metal cylinder is rolled up a ram

p. (The metal cylinder is the system.) The fireman extinguishes the fire with foam and cools the environment. (The foam is the system.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
andrew-mc [135]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Metal cylinder: Work is <em>positive</em>

Foam: Heat is <em>positive</em>.

Explanation:

Work is done as a resultant force acts along a displacement. Heat is the flow of energy from one body to another, resulting in a either a rise or a drop in temperature of the bodies. Work and Heat are forms of energy and they can either be assigned a positive or negative sign with respect to a thermodynamic system.

If work is done on a body (thermodynamic system), the work is negative. On the other hand, if work is done by the body, it is termed as a positive work. Heat is positive when it flows into a thermodynamic system and negative when it is lost by the system.

In this case, though the metal cylinder is rolled up a ramp, the metal cylinder does a positive work along the displacement. Considering the foam, heat is gained by the foam (thermodynamic system) as it cools the environment, thus, heat is positive.

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1.What is the specific heat capacity of granite when 20 kg absorbs 237 000 J of heat energy, causing its temperature to increase
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<u>Given</u> :

  • Amount = 20 kg
  • Heat energy absorbed = 237,000 J
  • Temperature change = 15 °C

<u>Formula applied</u> :

\boxed {Q = mc \triangle T}

  • Q = absorbed heat
  • m = mass
  • c = specific heat capacity
  • ΔT = temperature change

Let's solve for c !

⇒ 237,000 = 20 × c × 15

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⇒ \boxed {c = 790 J kg^{-1} K^{-1}}

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