Question

Arrhenius acids are 1. substances that produce hydrogen atoms in solution. 2. substances that produce hydronium ions in aqueous solution. 3. substances that produce hydroxide ions in solution. 4. substances that cause the pH of a solution to increase

Answer 1

Answer:

1 ) substances that produce hydrogen atoms in solution.

Explanation:

A swedist scientist Savante Arhenius give the theory of behaviour of Acid-bases. According to Arhenius ,Arhenius Acid compound produce hydrogen ion or proton upon adding in aqueous solution . Acid are molecular compound that have higly polar covalently bonded  ionizable hydrogen atom. HCL is a polar covalently bonded and gas at room temperature and noormal pressure . Upon addition of HCL in water cause ionization ,water breaks into chloride ion and hydrogen ion , in this reaction chlorine gain bond pair electron , while hydrogen ion or proton attached with water . chlorine gain bond pair electron due higher electronegativity than hydrogen and hydrogen loose their electron due to less electronegativity and become hydrogen ion ,these hydrogen ion attached with water to form hydronium ion $H_{3}O^{+}(aq)$ . Hydronium ion is polyatomic ion .

• Ionization of HCL in water  

         $HCL(gas)\rightarrow H^{+}(aq) + CL^{-}(aq)$

•  formation of polyatomic hydronium ion after HCL ionization in water ,where hydrogen ion attached to water and form polyatomic ion.

                 $HCL(gas) + H_{2}O(liq)\rightarrow H_{3}O^{+}(aq) + CL^{-}(aq)$.