Answer: (Structure attached).
Explanation:
This type of reaction is an aromatic electrophilic substitution. The overall reaction is the replacement of a proton (H +) with an electrophile (E +) in the aromatic ring.
The aromatic ring in p-fluoroanisole has two sustituents, an <u>halogen</u> and a <u>methoxy group</u>, which are <em>ortho-para</em> directing substituents.
Aryl sulfonic acids are easily synthesized by an electrophilic substitution reaction aromatic using <u>sulfur trioxide as an electrophile</u> (very reactive).
The reaction occurs in three steps:
- The attack on the electrophile forms the sigma complex.
- The loss of a proton regenerates an aromatic ring.
- The sulfonate group can be protonated in the presence of a strong acid (H₂SO₄).
Normally, a mixture of <em>ortho-para</em> substituted products would be obtained. However, since both <em>para</em> positions are occupied, only the <em>ortho </em>substituted product is obtained here.
Answer:
Mass = 1.33 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of argon required = ?
Volume of bulb = 0.745 L
Temperature and pressure = standard
Solution:
We will calculate the number of moles of argon first.
Formula:
PV = nRT
R = general gas constant = 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K
By putting values,
1 atm ×0.745 L = n × 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K× 273.15 K
0.745 atm. L = n × 22.43 atm.L/mol
n = 0.745 atm. L / 22.43 atm.L/mol
n = 0.0332 mol
Mass of argon:
Mass = number of moles × molar mass
Mass = 0.0332 mol × 39.95 g/mol
Mass = 1.33 g
Answer:
(a) Covalent bond. NF₃ (nitrogen trifluoride)
(b) Ionic bond. LiCl (lithium chloride)
Explanation:
<em>(a) N and F</em>
Nitrogen and fluorine are nonmetals, with high and similar electronegativities, so they form covalent bonds, in which they share pairs of electrons to complete the octet in their valence shell. N has 5 valence electrons so it will form 3 covalent bonds while each Cl has 7 valence electrons so it will form 1 covalent bond. As a result, the empirical formula is NF₃ (nitrogen trifluoride).
<em>(b) Li and Cl</em>
Lithium is a metal and Chlorine is a nonmetal. They have different electronegativities so they form an ionic bond, in which Cl gains 1 electron (7 valence e⁻) and Li loses 1 electron (1 valence e⁻). The empirical formula is LiCl (lithium chloride).
Another product: CO₂
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Given
Reaction
2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂⇒ 8__+ 10H₂O
Required
product compound
Solution
In the combustion of hydrocarbons there can be 2 kinds of products
If there is excess Oxygen, you will get Carbon dioxide(CO₂) and water in the product
If Oxygen is low, you'll get Carbon monoxide(CO) and water
Or in other ways, we can use the principle of the law of conservation of mass which is also related to the number of atoms in the reactants and in the products
if we look at the reaction above, there are C atoms on the left (reactants), so that in the product there will also be C atoms with the same number of C atoms on the left
2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂⇒ 8CO₂+ 10H₂O
