Answer:
Explanation:
The chemical equation is:
There are several definitions of acid and bases: Arrhenius', Bronsted-Lowry's and Lewis'.
Bronsted-Lowry model defines and <em>acid</em> as a donor of protons, H⁺.
In the given equation HNO₃ is such substance: it releases an donates its hdyrogen to form the H₃O⁺ ion.
On the other hand, a <em>base</em> is a substance that accepts protons.
In the reaction shown, H₂O accepts the proton from HNO₃ to form H₃O⁺.
Thus, H₂O is a base.
In turn, on the reactant sides the substances can be classified as acids or bases.
H₃O⁺ contain an hydrogen that can be donated and form H₂O; thus, it is an acid (the conjugated acid), and NO₃⁻ can accept a proton to form HNO₃; thus it is a base (the conjugated base).
Answer:
Required Volume is 22.47ml
Explanation:
To make 2.0L of 0.2M sulfuric acid required moles = 0.2 x 2 = 0.4 moles
To get 0.4 from 17.8M required quantity = 1000/17.8 x 0.4 = 22.47ml
Answer:
Because of its high polarity water is consider as a universal solvent.
Explanation:
Solvent is the that part of solution which is present in large proportion and have ability to dissolve the solute. In simplest form it is something in which other substance get dissolve. The most widely used solvent is water, other examples are toluene, acetone, ethanol, chloroform etc.
Water is called universal solvent because of high polarity all polar substance are dissolve in it. Hydrogen is less electronegative while oxygen is more electronegative and because of difference in electronegativity hydrogen carry the partial positive charge while oxygen carry partial negative charge.
Water create electrostatic interaction with other polar molecules. The negative end of water attract the positive end of polar molecules and positive end of water attract negative end of polar substance and in this way polar substance get dissolve in it.
Example:
when we stir the sodium chloride into water the cation Na⁺ ions are surrounded by the negative end of water i.e oxygen and anion Cl⁻ is surrounded by the positive end of water i.e hydrogen and in this way all salt is get dissolved.
