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uysha [10]
3 years ago
6

Calculate the amount of heat that must be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at –20°C to convert it to liquid water at 60.0°C. Given: spe

cific heat (ice) = 2.1 J/g·°C; specific heat (water) = 4.18 J/g·°C; ΔH fus = 6.0 kJ/mol.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Murljashka [212]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The amount of heat to absorb is 6,261 J

Explanation:

Calorimetry is in charge of measuring the amount of heat generated or lost in certain physical or chemical processes.

The total energy required is the sum of the energy to heat the ice from -20 ° C to ice of 0 ° C, melting the ice of 0 ° C in 0 ° C water and finally heating the water to 60 ° C.

So:

  • Heat required to raise the temperature of ice from -20 °C to 0 °C

Being the sensible heat of a body the amount of heat received or transferred by a body when it undergoes a temperature variation (Δt) without there being a change of physical state (solid, liquid or gaseous), the expression is used:

Q = c * m * ΔT

Where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation (ΔT=Tfinal - Tinitial).

In this case, m= 10 g, specific heat of the ice= 2.1 \frac{J}{g*C} and ΔT=0 C - (-20 C)= 20 C

Replacing: Q= 10 g*2.1 \frac{J}{g*C} *20 C and solving: Q=420 J

  • Heat required to convert 0 °C ice to 0 °C water

The heat Q necessary to melt a substance depends on its mass m and on the called latent heat of fusion of each substance:

Q= m* ΔHfusion

In this case, being 1 mol of water= 18 grams: Q= 10 g*6.0 \frac{kJ}{mol} *\frac{1 mol of water}{18 g}= 3.333 kJ= 3,333 J (being kJ=1,000 J)

  • Heat required to raise the temperature of water from 0 °C to 60 °C

In this case the expression used in the first step is used, but being: m= 10 g, specific heat of the water= 4.18 \frac{J}{g*C} and ΔT=60 C - (0 C)= 60 C

Replacing: Q= 10 g*4.18 \frac{J}{g*C} *60 C and solving: Q=2,508 J

Finally, Qtotal= 420 J + 3,333 J + 2,508 J

Qtotal= 6,261 J

<u><em> The amount of heat to absorb is 6,261 J</em></u>

<u><em></em></u>

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Dvinal [7]

Answer:

If the moles of gas are tripled, the volume must also triple.

Explanation:

According to Avogadro law,

Equal volume of all the gases at same temperature and pressure have equal number of molecules.

The number of moles and volume are directly related to each other. By increasing the number of moles volume also goes to increase with same ratio.

When number of moles decreases the volume also goes to decrease at constant temperature and pressure.

Mathematical expression:

V ∝ n

V = Kn

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When volume is changed from V₁ to V₂ by changing the number of moles from n₁ to n₂. Then expression will be,

V₁/n₁ = V₂/n₂

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3 years ago
A gas mixture with a total pressure of 745 mmHg contains each of the following gases at the indicated partial pressures: CO2, 24
Setler79 [48]

<u>Answer:</u>

<u>For Part A:</u> The partial pressure of Helium is 218 mmHg.

<u>For Part B:</u> The mass of helium gas is 0.504 g.

<u>Explanation:</u>

  • <u>For Part A:</u>

We are given:

p_{CO_2}=245mmHg\\p_Ar}=119mmHg\\p_{O_2}=163mmHg\\P=745mmHg

To calculate the partial pressure of helium, we use the formula:

P=p_{CO_2}+p_{Ar}+p_{O_2}+p_{He}

Putting values in above equation, we get:

745=245+119+163+p_{He}\\p_{He}=218mmHg

Hence, the partial pressure of Helium is 218 mmHg.

  • <u>For Part B:</u>

To calculate the mass of helium gas, we use the equation given by ideal gas:

PV = nRT

or,

PV=\frac{m}{M}RT

where,

P = Pressure of helium gas = 218 mmHg

V = Volume of the helium gas = 10.2 L

m = Mass of helium gas = ? g

M = Molar mass of helium gas = 4 g/mol

R = Gas constant = 62.3637\text{ L.mmHg }mol^{-1}K^{-1}

T = Temperature of helium gas = 283 K

Putting values in above equation, we get:

218mmHg\times 10.2L=\frac{m}{4g/mol}\times 62.3637\text{ L.mmHg }mol^{-1}K^{-1}\times 283K\\\\m=0.504g

Hence, the mass of helium gas is 0.504 g.

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Which must be the same when comparing 1 mol of oxygen, O2, with 1 mol of carbon monoxide has, CO?
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Answer: 1 mol of oxygen, O₂, and 1 mol of CO will have the same number of molecules, and the same number of atoms.

Justification:


Althought the question is too open, other answers may arise, the most remarkable similarity between the two compounds is that both are diatomic.

That means that both molecules oxygen, O₂, and carbon monoxide, CO have two atoms.

So, 1 mol of oxygen, O₂, and 1 mol of CO will have the same number of molecules, and the same number of atoms.


You must remember that 1 mol means a specific number. It is Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 × 10 ²³.

So 1 mol of CO and 1 mol of O₂ are the same number of representative particles: 6.022 ×10²³ molecules eac, and two times that number of atoms each (since each molecule has two atoms).
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