Nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2) gases react to form ammonia, which requires -99.4 J/K of standard entropy (ΔS°).
What is standard entropy?
The difference between the total standard entropies of the reaction mixture and the summation of the standard entropies of the outputs is the standard entropy change. Each entropy in the balanced equation needs to be compounded by its coefficient, as shown by the letter "n."
Calculation:
Balancing the given reaction following-
1/2 N₂(g) + 3/2 H₂ (g)→ NH₃ (g)
ΔS° = [1 mol x S° (NH₃)g] - [1/2 mol x S° (N₂)g] - [3/2 mol x S°(H₂)g]
Here S° = standard entropy of the system
Insert into the aforementioned equation all the typical entropy values found in the literature:
ΔS° = [1 mol x 192.45 J/mol.K] - [1/2 mol x 191.61 J/mol.K] - [3/2 mol x 130.684 J/mol.K]
⇒ΔS° = - 99.4 J/K
Therefore, the standard entropy, ΔS° is -99.4 J/K.
Learn more about standard entropy here:
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A water solution is found to have a molar oh- concentration of 3.2 x 10-5. the solution would be classified as neutral.
The concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) is measured by pOH. It is a way of expressing how alkaline a solution is. At 25 degrees Celsius, aqueous solutions with pOH values of 7 or less are neutral, whereas those with pOH values of 7 or more are acidic. The hydrogen ion potential is known as pH. The potential of hydroxide ions is known as pOH. 2. It is a scale used to estimate the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration in the solution. The hydroxide ion (OH-) concentration of the solution is measured using this scale.
pH + pOH = 14
pOH = 3.2x 10-5
[OH-] = 10^(-pOH) =10^(- 3.2x 10-5)
= 0.99
Hey there!:
Given the mass of PbCl(OH) :
0.135 Kg = 0.135 Kg*(1000g / 1Kg) = 135 g
Molecular mass of PbCl(OH) = 207+35.5+16+1 = 259.5 g / mol
Atomic mass of Pb = 207 g/mol
Hence mass of Pb in 135 g PbCl(OH) :
(207 g Pb / 259.5 g PbClOH) * 135g PbClOH =
0.79768 * 135 => 107.68 g of Pb
For Pb2Cl2CO3 :
Given the mass of Pb2Cl2CO3 :
0.135 Kg = 0.135 Kgx(1000g / 1Kg) = 135 g
Molecular mass of Pb2Cl2CO3 = 2*207+2*35.5+12+3*16 = 545 g / mol
Mass of Pb present in 1 mol (=545 g / mol) of Pb2Cl2CO3 = 2*207 = 414 g
Hence mass of Pb in 135 g Pb2Cl2CO3:
(414 g Pb / 545 g PbClOH) * 135g PbClOH =
0.75963 * 135 => 102.55 g of Pb2Cl2CO3
Hope that helps!
Answer:
Conductivity meter
Explanation:
A conductivity meter is normally used to measure the amount of electrical current or conductance in a solution. Conductivity is most useful in determining the overall health of a natural water body.
A pH paper is used to determine the pH of a solution. This is done by dipping part of the paper into a solution of interest and watching the color change. The pH paper comes in a color-coded scale indicating the pH that something has when the paper turns a certain color.
An indicator is an organic compound that changes its colour depending on the pH of the solution.
Since neutralization reaction can only be monitored by monitoring the pH of the solution, a conductivity meter cannot be used to monitor the progress of a neutralization reaction since it does not monitor the change in pH of the system under study.
