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Reil [10]
3 years ago
7

The first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth was Sputnik I, launched October 4, 1957. The mass of Sputnik I was 83.5 kg, an

d its distances from the center of the Earth at apogee and perigee were 7330 km and 6610 km, respectively. Find the difference in gravitational potential energy for Sputnik I as it moved from apogee to perigee.
Physics
1 answer:
9966 [12]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

-4.941*10^8J.

Explanation:

To solve this exercise it is necessary to take into account the concepts related to gravitational potential energy, as well as the concept of perigee and apogee of a celestial body.

By conservation of energy we know that,

\Delta U = \Delta_{perogee}-\Delta_{Apogee}

Where,

U= \frac{-GmM_e}{r}

Replacing

\Delta U = \frac{-GmM_e}{r_p}- \frac{-GmM_e}{r_a}

\Delta U = GmM_e (\frac{1}{r_A}-\frac{1}{r_p})

Our values are given by,

m = 85.5Kg

M_e = 5.97*10^{24}Kg

r_A = 7330Km

r_p = 6610Km

G = 6.67*10^{-11}Nm^2/Kg^2

Replacing at the equation,

\Delta U = (6.67*10^{-11})(85.5)(5.97*10^{24}) (\frac{1}{7330}-\frac{1}{6610})

\Delta U = -4.941*10^8J

Therefore the Energy necessary for Sputnik I as it moved from apogee to perigee was -4.941*10^8J.

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The formula for working out kinetic energy is

=122

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kinetic energy (KE) is equal to half of an object's mass (1/2*m) multiplied by the velocity squared. For example, if a an object with a mass of 10 kg (m = 10 kg) is moving at a velocity of 5 meters per second (v = 5 m/s), the kinetic energy is equal to 125 Joules, or (1/2 * 10 kg) * 5 m/s2.

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