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3 years ago

Looking for some help with the left side of the table and the questions followed :)

Physics

1 answer:

Inessa [10]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

(1). Going in the order: Gas, Liquid, Solid.

Particle separation: Very large; large; small.

Strength of forces between particles: very weak; weak; strong.

(2). a. The change of state is condensation.

b. The density of the substance is increasing as particles move closer together.

(3). a. The liquid's temperature decreases until it reaches solidification (freezing) point, and then the temperature will remain constant until all of the liquid has solidified.

b. The particles move with less and less energy until they have low enough energy to come together and solidify, then they will release more energy when they come together to form bonds, and vibrate about their equilibrium positions once they are part of a molecular bond.

Additional explanation:

(1). The particle separation in a gas is very large because the gas has a very low density, and since particles are not that close together,<em> the strength of forces between particles is very weak</em>.

The liquid is somewhat more denser than the gas and therefore the particle separation is large but less than that in a gas,<em> The strength of forces between particles is still weak but greater than in a gas. </em>

Finally, particle separation in a solid is small because the solid is still more denser than the liquid, and the strength of forces between particles is strong because it's these forces that give a solid its rigid shape.

(2). a.The change of state of a substance in which particles slow down and move close together is called condensation.

b. As the particles move close together, they are occupying less and less volume; therefore, the density is increasing.

(3). The explanation is already given in the answer.

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A light-rail train going from one station to the next on a straight section of track accelerates from rest at 1.1 m/s^2 for 20s.

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A) The distance between the stations is 1430m

B) The time it takes the train to go between the stations is 80s

Explanation:

First we will calculate the distance covered for the first 20s.

From one the equations of kinematics for linear motion

$S = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^{2} \\$

Where $S$ is distance traveled

$u$ is the initial velocity

$t$ is time

and $a$ is acceleration

Since the train starts from rest, $u$ = 0 m/s

Hence, for the first 20s

$a =$ 1.1 m/s²; $t =$ 20s, $u$ = 0 m/s

∴ $S = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^{2} \\$ gives

$S = (0)(20) + \frac{1}{2}(1.1)(20)^{2}$

$S = \frac{1}{2}(1.1)(20)^{2}$

$S =$ 220m

This is the distance covered in the first 20s.

The train then proceeds at constant speed for 1100m.

Now, we will calculate the speed attained here

From

$v = u +at$

Where $v$ is the final velocity

Hence,

$v = 0 + 1.1(20)$

$v = 1.1(20)$

$v =$ 22 m/s

This is the constant speed attained when it proceeds for 1100m

The train then slows down at a rate of 2.2 m/s² until it stops

We can calculate the distance covered while slowing down from

$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as$

The initial velocity, $u$ here will be the final velocity before it started slowing down

∴ $u$ = 22 m/s

The final velocity will be 0, since it came to a stop.

∴ $v$ = 0 m/s

$a = -$ 2.2 m/s² ( - indicates deceleration)

Hence,

$v^{2} = u^{2} + 2as$ gives

$0^{2} =22^{2} +2(-2.2)s$

$0=22^{2} - (4.4)s\\4.4s = 484\\s = \frac{484}{4.4} \\s = 110m$

This is the distance traveled while slowing down.

A) The distance between the stations is

220m + 1100m + 110m

= 1430m

Hence, the distance between the stations is 1430m

B) The time it takes the train to go between the stations

The time spent while accelerating at 1.1 m/s² is 20s

We will calculate the time spent when it proceeds at a constant speed of 22 m/s for 1100m,

From,

$Speed =\frac{Distance}{Time}\\$

Then,

$Time = \frac{Distance}{Speed}$

$Time = \frac{1100}{22}$

Time = 50 s

And then, the time spent while decelerating (that is, while slowing down)

From,

$v = u + at\\0 = 22 +(-2.2)t\\2.2t = 22\\t = \frac{22}{2.2} \\t= 10 s$

This is the time spent while slowing down until it stops at the station.

Hence, The time it takes the train to go between the stations is

20s + 50s + 10s = 80s

The time it takes the train to go between the stations is 80s

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