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3 years ago

why is iodine is a solid at STP but chlorine is a gas at STP? explain in terms of intermolecular forces.

1 answer:

7 0

Iodine is a solid at STP (standard room temperature and pressure) as the intermolecular forces between the iodide compound is strongly held by bonds such as electrostatic forces of attraction if its a ionic compound. Therefore STP is so sufficient enough to breakthrough these bonds hence its a solid. However, chlorine’s a gas as its intermolecular bonds are weak, and STP is strong enough to break these bonds of where chlorine is a gas

NOTE: they should really give you a compound so you can identify between covalent and ionic bonds and talk about it in more depth

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To whoever helps me thank you so much have a wonderful day!

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Answer:

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Explanation:

Anion:

When an atom gain the electrons anion is formed. The negative sign shows that atom gain electron because number of electron are greater than protons or we can say that negative charge becomes greater than positive charge.

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When atom lose electron cation is formed. The atom thus have positive charge because number of positive charge i.e protons are increased are greater than negative charge or electron.

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8 0

2 years ago

Ca(OH)2 (s) precipitates when a 1.0 g sample of CaC2(s) is added to 1.0 L of distilled water at room temperature. If a 0.064 g s

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Answer:

D) Ca(OH)₂ will not precipitate because Q < Ksp

Explanation:

Here we have first a chemical reaction in which Ca(OH)₂ is produced:

CaC₂(s) + H₂O ⇒ Ca(OH)₂ + C₂H₂

Ca(OH)₂ is slightly soluble, and depending on its concentration it may precipitate out of solution.

The solubility product constant for Ca(OH)₂ is:

Ca(OH)₂(s) ⇆ Ca²⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq)

Ksp = [Ca²⁺][OH⁻]²

and the reaction quotient Q:

Q = [Ca²⁺][OH⁻]²

So by comparing Q with Ksp we will be able to determine if a precipitate will form.

From the stoichiometry of the reaction we know the number of moles of hydroxide produced, and since the volume is 1 L the molarity will also be known.

mol Ca(OH)₂ = mol CaC₂( reacted = 0.064 g / 64 g/mol = 0.001 mol Ca(OH)₂

the concentration of ions will be:

[Ca²⁺ ] = 0.001 mol / L 0.001 M

[OH⁻] = 2 x 0.001 M = 0.002 M ( From the coefficient 2 in the equilibrium)

Now we can calculate the reaction quotient.

Q= [Ca²⁺][OH⁻]² = 0.001 x (0.002)² = 4.0 x 10⁻⁹

Q < Ksp since 4.0 x 10⁻⁹ < 8.0 x 10⁻⁸

Therefore no precipitate will form.

The answer that matches is option D

8 0

3 years ago