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love history [14]

3 years ago

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A sodium atom has 1 valence electron in its third shell. What will it do when forming an ion? A. gain 1 valence electron B. lose

1 valence electron C. gain 7 valence electrons D. lose 7 valence electrons

1 answer:

mote1985 [20]3 years ago

7 0

When forming an ion, this sodium atom will lose 1 electron, as it is the easiest way to form a full shell, as opposed to gaining 7 electrons.

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Which types of orbitals are found in the principal energy level n = 2?

AfilCa [17]

Remember this:

1) n is principal quantum number and represents the energy level.

2) l is the second quantum number and represent the type of orbital.

3) l can take values from 0 to n - 1

4) each number of l is associated with a type of orbital. This table shows the equivalence:

l number       type of orbital

0                    s

1                    p

2                    d

3                     f

With that, you can tell that n = 2 permits l = 0 and 1, which is orbitals s and p.

Therefore, the answer is the option D) s, p.

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3 years ago

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HELP HELP URGENT<br> STRONG ACIDS AND BASES

leonid [27]

Answer:

Solution A is correct.

Explanation:

Strong acids or bases are assumed to dissociate completely when in a aqueous solution.

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3 years ago

Which solution is a homogeneous mixture?

r-ruslan [8.4K]

Within the categories of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures there are more specific types of mixturesincluding solutions, alloys, suspensions, and colloids. A solutionis a mixture where one of the substances dissolves in the other. The substance that dissolves is called the solute.

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3 years ago

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What classifies a substance as an element?<br><br> What classifies a substance as a compound?

Ganezh [65]

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means. Elements are extremely particular compounds that serve as the foundation for all life and matter (well other than the stuff smaller than atoms). It can contain one atom or trillions of them for anything to be an element, however atoms of different types cannot be combined in. That is to say, every atom has a set number of protons, ranging from 1 to 118. You can be positive that the substance you have is hydrogen if there is just one proton present. Mercury is what you get if you have 80 protons. Atoms of pure hydrogen only contain one proton. As most people are aware, if you add oxygen to it, it turns into water, which is no longer an element but a compound. Nevertheless, the building blocks are the elements. Every single object you can see is composed of elements, whether there are many of them, as there are in the human body, or only a few, as there are in salt.

A compound is a substance with a definite composition (with some leeway there, there are 'non-stoichiometric' compounds), that is composed of 2 or more elements.

Further explanation:

A compound in chemistry is a material that is created by mixing two or more distinct chemical elements in such a way that the atoms of the various elements are kept together by strong chemical bonds. These bonds form as a result of the sharing or exchange of electron s among the atoms. A molecule is the smallest, unbreakable unit of a substance.

A mixture is not a compound since there is no bonding between the atoms of the constituent substances in a mixture. In certain cases, mixing dissimilar elements causes chemical reactions that result in the formation of bonds between the atoms and the molecules of a compound. Other possibilities allow mixing distinct components without causing a reaction, preserving the separate identities of the elements. When elements are combined, reactions can happen quickly or slowly (for example, when iron is exposed to oxygen) (as when lithium is exposed to oxygen). There are times when an element is introduced to a chemical, a reaction takes place, creating new compounds (as when pure elemental sodium is immersed in liquid water).

A compound frequently looks and acts quite different from any of the constituent parts. Think about hydrogen (H) and oxygen, for instance (O). At standard atmospheric pressure and room temperature, both of these substances are gases. However, they combine to form the well-known material known as water, which is a liquid at room temperature and at normal atmospheric pressure and whose molecules each contain two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O).

Few elements' atoms readily combine with those of other elements to produce compounds. These gases—helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon—are referred to as noble or inert gases. Compounds made of certain elements can be formed easily with other elements. Examples include fluorine, chlorine, and oxygen.

2) The adjective compound refers to something that is made up of several different components. Examples of this usage include compound eyes, which are found in a variety of insects, compound microscopes, which are high-power magnifying devices made up of multiple lenses, compound sentences, which are organized collections of smaller sentences that form a single integrated perceptual environment, and compound documents.

8 0

2 years ago

Use the data given below to construct a Born-Haber cycle to determine the electron affinity of Br. △ H°(kJ) K(s) → K(g) 89 K(g)

Gelneren [198K]

Answer:

This is the value for the electron affinity = -339.8 kJ

Review the problem because it is possibly wrong and there are also incomplete or erroneous data

Explanation:

First of all, you have to think the chemical reaction, based on the elements in their ground state.

K(g) + 1/2 Br₂ (l) → KBr

How do we find bromine or potassium in nature? Br₂ as gas, K as liquid.

For this reaction, we use △Hf (kJ) = -394 (formation enthalpy)

The reaction is then defined from the elements in the gaseous state, to form the crystals of the salt, so Br and K have to change state. At the end, the equation will be:

K⁺(g) + Br⁻(g) → KBr This process used the energy called, lattice energy.

LE = -674 kJ.

So we have to go, from K(s) to K⁺(g), and from Br₂(l) to Br⁻(g).

First of all, we have to convert K(s) → K(g) with △Hsublimation: 89kJ

And then tear out an electron to form the cation, with the ionization energy K(g) → K⁺(g) + 1e⁻ △H: 419 kJ

In first place, we have to convert Br₂(l) to Br₂(g) with a vaporization process. For this: Br₂(l) → Br₂(g) △H: 30.7 kJ <u>(THIS VALUE IS MISSING AND IT IS WRONG IN WHAT YOU WROTE)</u>

Notice we have, a half of 1 mol of bromine, so we have to convert a half of 1 mol, so we need a half of energy. The enthalpy vaporization is for 1 mol of Br₂, but we only have a half.

Aftewards, we have to separate the 1/2Br₂(g). As this is a dyatomic molechule, we need only 1 Br.

<em>DEFINETALY THERE IS MISTAKE ON WHAT YOU WROTE BECAUSE THIS VALUE IS INCORRECT IN THE STATEMENT.</em>

You use the enthalpy for dissociation to have this Br-Br. You must break the bond. △H = 193/2 kJ

And as you have 1/2 mol, you need 1/2 of energy

Now we have to apply, the electron affinity, to get the bromide anion.

1/2Br₂(g) + 1e- → Br⁻ (g) △H: ?

This is the unknown value.

How do you make the Born Haber cycle? The Sum all the △H + LE = △Hf

LE + △Hs + △Hie + △Hv + △Hdis + EA = -394 kJ

EA = -394kJ - LE - △Hs - △Hie - △Hv - △Hdis

EA = -394kJ + 674 kJ - 89kJ - 419 kJ - 30.7/2 kJ - 193/2 kJ

EA = -339.8 kJ

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers