Explanation:
Given:



First, we calculate the acceleration of the car during this time:

Plugging in the given values, we get

Now that we have the value for the acceleration, we can solve for the distance traveled during the time t:




Before the impact, let the velocity of the baseball was v m/s.
After being hit by the bat its velocity is -2v
So, change in velocity, Deltav=v-(-2v)=3v
Acceleration is defined as the rate of change in velocity, i.e. actual change in velocity divided by the time taken to change it. Time taken to change velocity is the time of actual contact of the bat and ball, i.e. 0.31 s.
a=(Deltav)/(Deltat)
=(3v)/0.37
Therefore, a/v=3/0.31=9.7 s^-1
So, the ratio of acceleration of the baseball to its original velocity is 9.7.
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Answer:
The measured redshift is z =2
Explanation:
Since the object is traveling near light speed, since v/c = 0.8, then we have to use a redshift formula for relativistic speeds.

Finding the redshift.
We can prepare the formula by dividing by lightspeed inside the square root to both numerator and denominator to get

Replacing the given information


Thus the measured redshift is z = 2.