Answer:
The main competing reaction when a primary alkyl halide is treated with alcoholic potassium hydroxide is SN2 substitution.
Explanation:
The relative percentage of products of the reaction between an alkyl halide and alcoholic potassium hydroxide generally depends on the structure of the primary alkylhalide. The attacking nucleophile/base in this reaction is the alkoxide ion. Substitution by SN2 mechanism is a major competing reaction in the elimination reaction intended.
A more branched alkyl halide will yield an alkene product due to steric hindrance, similarly, a good nucleophile such as the alkoxide ion may favour SN2 substitution over the intended elimination (E2) reaction.
Both SN2 and E2 are concerted reaction mechanisms. They do not depend on the formation of a carbocation intermediate. Primary alkyl halides generally experience less steric hindrance in the transition state and do not form stable carbocations hence they cannot undergo E1 or SN1 reactions.
SN2 substitution cannot occur in a tertiary alkyl halides because the stability of tertiary carbocations favours the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The formation of this carbocation intermediate will lead to an SN1 or E1 mechanism. SN2 reactions is never observed for a tertiary alkyl halide due to steric crowding of the transition state. Also, with strong bases such as the alkoxide ion, elimination becomes the main reaction of tertiary alkyl halides.
Answer:
The histosols of peat pogs are soils rich in organic material but poor in mineral nutrients, and are not fertile. Conversely, aridosols (desert soils) have an abundance of mineral nutrients but a dearth of organic matter and are also not fertile.
hope i help✨!
Answer:
Becomes 1/4 as much
Explanation:
If a and b are directly proportional, this means we may write an equality between them if some proportionality constant, k, is included, so that:
The equation shows that:
And since k is a constant, this would imply that increasing a by some fraction would also require b to increase by the same fraction.
In the context of this problem, we're given that a becomes 1/4 as much, meaning b should also become 1/4 as much to keep the same proportionality constant, k.
I think there is a typo because I've never seen HSO4 2- before in my life. It should be HSO4-. For that, H is 1+ and each Oxygen is 2-0 totaling 8-. So the oxidation state of sulfur +1 - 8 = 7
So the oxidation state of sulfur is +6
Answer:
Kinetic energy
Explanation:
The kinetic energy of a particle is directly proportional to the temperature of it. An increase in temperature increases the speed in which the molecules move, causing t[he particles to collide with the walls of their containers.
