1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Aleonysh [2.5K]
2 years ago
6

Consider a fully developed laminar flow in a circular pipe. The velocity at R/2 (midway between the wall surface and the centerl

ine) is given by _____ provided that Vmax is the maximum velocity in the tube.
Engineering
1 answer:
ryzh [129]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The velocity at R/2 (midway between the wall surface and the centerline) is given by (3/4)(Vmax) provided that Vmax is the maximum velocity in the tube.

Explanation:

Starting from the shell momentum balance equation, it can be proved that the velocity profile for fully developedblaminar low in a circular pipe of internal radius R and a radial axis starting from the centre of the pipe at r=0 to r=R is given as

v = (ΔPR²/4μL) [1 - (r²/R²)]

where v = fluid velocity at any point in the radial direction

ΔP = Pressure drop across the pipe

μ = fluid viscosity

L = pipe length

But the maximum velocity of the fluid occurs at the middle of the pipe when r=0

Hence, maximum veloxity is

v(max) = (ΔPR²/4μL)

So, velocity at any point in the radial direction is

v = v(max) [1 - (r²/R²)]

At the point r = (R/2)

r² = (R²/4)

(r²/R²) = r² ÷ R² = (R²/4) ÷ (R²) = (1/4)

So,

1 - (r²/R²) = 1 - (1/4) = (3/4)

Hence, v at r = (R/2) is given as

v = v(max) × (3/4)

Hope this Helps!!!

You might be interested in
Your local hospital is considering the following solution options to address the issues of congestion and equipment failures at
kiruha [24]
Jsjhjrhwjdbwjwjrueiworuuwud
4 0
2 years ago
State five applications of thermochromic materials
rusak2 [61]

Explanation:

The end-use industries of thermochromic materials include packaging, printing & coating, medical, textile, industrial, and others. Printing & coating is the fastest-growing end-use industry of thermochromic materials owing to a significant increase in the demand for thermal paper for POS systems. The use of thermochromic materials is gaining momentum for interactive packaging that encourages consumers to take a product off the shelf and use it.

8 0
2 years ago
This assignment is designed to test your understanding of graphical user interface components and Event Driven programming in Ja
lys-0071 [83]

Answer:

Java program is given below

Explanation:

JavaPadGUI.java

package javapad.gui;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;

import java.awt.Container;

import java.awt.Dimension;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;

import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.util.Scanner;

import javax.swing.JButton;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

import javax.swing.JLabel;

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

import javax.swing.JPanel;

import javax.swing.JScrollPane;

import javax.swing.JTextArea;

public class JavaPadGUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener{

  //constants

  private static final String TITLE = "Macrosoft JavaPad XP";

  private static final String SLOGAN = "Macrosoft: Resistance is futile";

 

  //button names

  private static final String NEW = "New";

  private static final String LOAD = "Load";

  private static final String SAVE = "Save";

  private static final String QUIT = "Quit";

 

  private static final String FILENAME = "hardcode.txt";

  //messages

 

  private static final String QUIT_MSG = "Quitting, Save?";

  private static final String LOAD_ERR = "Could not access file " + FILENAME;

 

 

  //fields

  private JTextArea txtContent;

  private JButton butNew, butLoad, butSave, butQuit;

 

  public JavaPadGUI()

  {

      super(TITLE);

      createUI();

      setSize(new Dimension(400, 300));

      setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

         

  }

 

  private void createUI()

  {

      Container c = getContentPane();

      c.setLayout(new BorderLayout(30,30));

     

      //create the buttons panel

      JPanel butPanel = new JPanel();

      butPanel.add(butNew = new JButton(NEW));

      butPanel.add(butLoad = new JButton(LOAD));

      butPanel.add(butSave = new JButton(SAVE));

      butPanel.add(butQuit = new JButton(QUIT));

     

      //set command names for the buttons, these will be when button is clicked

      butNew.setActionCommand(NEW);

      butLoad.setActionCommand(LOAD);

      butSave.setActionCommand(SAVE);

      butQuit.setActionCommand(QUIT);

     

      JPanel sloganPanel = new JPanel();

      sloganPanel.add(new JLabel(SLOGAN));

     

      //create textarea with scrollbar

      txtContent = new JTextArea(15, 25);

      txtContent.setLineWrap(true);

         

      JScrollPane scroll = new JScrollPane(txtContent);

     

      //now add all components

      c.add(butPanel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

      c.add(scroll, BorderLayout.CENTER);

      c.add(sloganPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

     

     

      //set the actionlistner to buttons to handle button click event

      butNew.addActionListener(this);

      butLoad.addActionListener(this);

      butSave.addActionListener(this);

      butQuit.addActionListener(this);

     

  }

  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)

  {

      String cmd = e.getActionCommand();

      if(cmd.equals(NEW))

          txtContent.setText("");

      else if (cmd.equals(LOAD))

          load();

      else if(cmd.equals(SAVE))

          save();

      else if (cmd.equals(QUIT))

          quit();

  }

  private void quit()

  {

      int option = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(this, QUIT_MSG);

      if(option == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION)

      {

          save();

      }

     

      System.exit(0);

  }

 

  private void save()

  {

      try {

          PrintWriter w = new PrintWriter(new File(FILENAME));

          w.write(txtContent.getText());

          w.close();

      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

          JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"I/O Error", LOAD_ERR, JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

      }

             

  }

  private void load()

  {

      try {

          Scanner s = new Scanner(new File(FILENAME));

          String str = "";

          while(s.hasNextLine())

              str += s.nextLine();

          txtContent.setText(str);

          s.close();

      } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

          JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, LOAD_ERR, "I/O Error",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

      }

     

  }

}

RunJavaPad.java

package javapad;

import javapad.gui.JavaPadGUI;

public class RunJavaPad {

  public static void main(String[] args) {

      JavaPadGUI gui = new JavaPadGUI();

      gui.setVisible(true);

  }

}

7 0
3 years ago
Given a square matrix [A], write a single line MATLAB command that will create a new matrix [Aug] that consists of the original
Liono4ka [1.6K]

Answer:

Consider A is square matrix of order 4 x 4 generated using magic function. Augmented matrix can be generated using:

Aug=[A eye(size(A))]

Above command is tested in MATLAB command window and is attached in figure below

8 0
3 years ago
Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT instructions, 80 x 106 L/S instructions, and
Pavlova-9 [17]

Answer:

Part A:

1.3568*10^{-5}=\frac{5300* New\  CPI_1+11660*1+8480*4+1696*2}{2*10^9\ Hz} \\ New\ CPI_1=-4.12

CPI cannot be negative so it is not possible to for program to run two times faster.

Part B:

1.3568*10^{-5}=\frac{5300*1+11660*1+8480*New\ CPI_3+1696*2}{2*10^9\ Hz} \\ New\ CPI_3=0.8

CPI reduced by 1-\frac{0.8}{4} = 0.80=80%

Part C:

New Execution Time=\frac{5300*0.6+11660*0.6+8480*2.8+1696*1.4}{2*10^9\ Hz}=1.81472*10^{-5}\ s

Increase in speed=1-\frac{1.81472*10^{-5}}{2.7136*10^{-5}} =0.33125= 33.125\%

Explanation:

FP Instructions=50*106=5300

INT  Instructions=110*106=11660

L/S  Instructions=80*106=8480

Branch  Instructions=16*106=1696

Calculating Execution Time:

Execution Time=\frac{\sum^4_{i=1} Number\ of\ Instruction*\ CPI_{i}}{Clock\ Rate}

Execution Time=\frac{5300*1+11660*1+8480*4+1696*2}{2*10^9\ Hz}

Execution Time=2.7136*10^{-5}\ s

Part A:

For Program to run two times faster,Execution Time (Calculated above) is reduced to half.

New Execution Time=\frac{2.7136*10^{-5}}{2}=1.3568*10^{-5}\ s

1.3568*10^{-5}=\frac{5300* New\  CPI_1+11660*1+8480*4+1696*2}{2*10^9\ Hz} \\ New\ CPI_1=-4.12

CPI cannot be negative so it is not possible to for program to run two times faster.

Part B:

For Program to run two times faster,Execution Time (Calculated above) is reduced to half.

New Execution Time=\frac{2.7136*10^{-5}}{2}=1.3568*10^{-5}\ s

1.3568*10^{-5}=\frac{5300*1+11660*1+8480*New\ CPI_3+1696*2}{2*10^9\ Hz} \\ New\ CPI_3=0.8

CPI reduced by 1-\frac{0.8}{4} = 0.80=80%

Part C:

New\ CPI_1=0.6*Old\ CPI_1=0.6*1=0.6\\New\ CPI_2=0.6*Old\ CPI_2=0.6*1=0.6\\New\ CPI_3=0.7*Old\ CPI_3=0.7*4=2.8\\New\ CPI_4=0.7*Old\ CPI_4=0.7*2=1.4

New Execution Time=\frac{\sum^4_{i=1} Number\ of\ Instruction*\ CPI_{i}}{Clock\ Rate}

New Execution Time=\frac{5300*0.6+11660*0.6+8480*2.8+1696*1.4}{2*10^9\ Hz}=1.81472*10^{-5}\ s

Increase in speed=1-\frac{1.81472*10^{-5}}{2.7136*10^{-5}} =0.33125= 33.125\%

8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • You are an engineer working in a auto crash test lab. Some members of your team have raised objections against the use of cadave
    10·1 answer
  • 100 kg of refrigerant-134a at 200 kPa iscontained in a piston-cylinder device whose volume is 12.322 m3. The piston is now moved
    14·1 answer
  • What is a Planck Distribution and how is it used to solve for black body radiation problems?
    12·1 answer
  • What are the mechanical properties of a geotextile that are of most importance when using it as a separator in an unpaved road s
    12·1 answer
  • Problem 89:A given load is driven by a 480 V six-pole 150 hp three-phase synchronous motor with the following load and motor dat
    11·1 answer
  • A person is interested in becoming an electrician. What are some appropriate types of preparation that this individual can consi
    7·2 answers
  • Two basic types of mechanical fuel injector systems?​
    13·2 answers
  • A hammer can be used to see how a mineral breaks. If you observe square chunks of the mineral when broken, what can you conclude
    15·1 answer
  • How does data mining help interactive marketing for a business?
    5·1 answer
  • The project's criteria.
    11·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!