Waves with higher frequencies have shorter wavelengths, and lower frequencies have longer wavelengths
1. The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is CH₃
2. The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon is C₂H₆
<h3>How to determine the mass of Carbon </h3>
- Mass of CO₂ = 1.47 g
- Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
- Molar of C = 12 g/mol
- Mass of C =?
Mass of C = (12 / 44) × 1.47
Mass of C = 0.4 g
<h3>How to determine the mass of H</h3>
- Mass of compound = 0.5 g
- Mass of C = 0.4 g
- Mass of H = ?
Mass of H = (mass of compound) – (mass of C)
Mass of H = 0.5 – 0.4
Mass of H =0.1 g
<h3>1. How to determine the empirical formula </h3>
- C = 0.4 g
- H = 0.1 g
- Empirical formula =?
Divide by their molar mass
C = 0.4 / 12 = 0.03
H = 0.1 / 1 = 0.1
Divide by the smallest
C = 0.03 / 0.03 = 1
H = 0.1 / 0.03 = 3
Thus, the empirical formula of the compound is CH₃
<h3>2. How to determine the molecular formula</h3>
- Empirical formula = CH₃
- Molar mass = 30 g/mol
- Molecular formula =?
Molecular formula = empirical × n = mass number
[CH₃]n = 30
[12 + (3×1)]n = 30
15n = 30
Divide both side by 15
n = 30 / 15
n = 2
Molecular formula = [CH₃]n
Molecular formula = [CH₃]₂
Molecular formula = C₂H₆
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The nomenclature of binary covalent compounds follows these rules: The first element in the formula is given first, using the element's full name.
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Binary molecular (covalent) compounds.
compound systematic name common name
NO nitrogen monoxide nitric oxide
NO2 nitrogen dioxide
N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide
N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide
A. proton donating is often referring to Hydrogen donating in acids. See the extra H+ in common acids: HCl, H2SO4
