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3 years ago

What property of stars can be measured only by using binary-star systems?

Physics

1 answer:

drek231 [11]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

mass

Explanation:

To expect an understanding of the nature and evolution of the stars, astronomers had to try to determine an important parameter: its mass. This is difficult to determine because neither the luminosity measurements nor the spectral analysis are of any help. The only solution is to resort to astrometry, the precise measurement of stellar positions, and apply it to what is called binary systems, that is, pairs of stars linked by their mutual gravitational attraction and in orbit around each other.

In the solar system there is a law, called the third law of Kepler, that connects the size and period of each planetary orbit and that makes the Sun's mass intervene. This law can be generalized in all bodies in orbit, in particular the members of a binary system. Instead of the mass of the Sun, it is the total mass of the couple that counts. Thus, if it was possible to measure the period and size of a binary system by observation, it would be enough to apply this law in order to calculate the total mass of the pair.

To determine the mass of each star, not just that of the couple, the astronomer had to study in more detail the relative movement of the two members. This allowed him to determine the proportion of each star in the total of the couple and finally obtain the mass of each body.

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Answer and Explanation:

(a) The fre-body diagrams for each block is shown below. In the block of mass 3.60 kg, there are 3 forces acting on it: horizontal force due to the rope ( $F_{t}$ ), vertical gravitational force ( $F_{g}$ ) and vertical normal force ( $F_{n}$ ), due to the surface. Since there is no vertical movement, $F_{g}$ and $F_{n}$ cancels it out. So, for this block, net force is horizontal due to the rope $F_{t}$ .

The block of mass m is hanging from the pulley, so there is the force of the rope ( $F_{t}$ ) and the gravitational force ( $F_{g}$ ). Both are vertical, because there is no surface "holding" block m.

(b) Since both blocks are attached to each other, the acceleration will be the same. To calculate it, we use the Second Law of Motion:

$F_{r}=m.a$

$a=\frac{F_{r}}{m}$

$a=\frac{18.8}{3.6}$

a = 5.22

The acceleration of either block is 5.22 m/s².

(c) Block m has 2 forces acting on it: tension and gravitational force. Gravitational force is the force of attraction the Earth does over an object. It is calculated as the product of mass and gravitational acceleration, which has magnitude g = 9.8 m/s².

Suppose positive referential is going up. To determine mass:

$F_{r}=m.a$

$F_{t}-F_{g}=m.a$

$F_{t}-m.g=m.a$

$18.8-9.8m=5.22m$

$15.02m=18.8$

m = 1.25

Block m has 1.25 kg.

(d) Gravitational force is also called weight. So, as described above: $F_{g}=m.g$ .

The weight for the hanging block is

$F_{g}=1.25*9.8$

$F_{g}=$ 12.25 N

Comparing tension and weight:

$\frac{12.25}{18.8}$ ≈ 0.65

We can see that, weight of the hanging block is almost 0.65 times smaller than the tension on the rope.

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3 years ago

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Answer:

m = 236212 [kg]

Explanation:

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Now, we can clear the mass from the equation above:

$3360000000=m*9.81*1450\\m = 236212 [kg]$

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3 years ago