Answer:
Weathering, Erosion
Explanation:
Plants and animals can be agents of mechanical weathering. The seed of a tree may sprout in soil that has collected in a cracked rock. As the roots grow, they widen the cracks, eventually breaking the rock into pieces. Over time, trees can break apart even large rocks.
Tree root systems have a handful of large roots that branch out into a network of smaller roots that often extend out far beyond their branches do. These root systems prevent erosion by holding the soil in place and improving drainage which helps water get absorbed into the soil instead of just running over the top.
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By direct heating of an element with oxygen : many metals and non-. metals burn rapidly when heated in oxygen or air producing their oxides e.g.
Mass defect for oxygen-16 = 0. 13261 amu, in the kilograms the mass defect equals to 2.20 × 10⁻²⁸ kg.
<h3>What is mass defect?</h3>
Mass defect is the difference between the mass of of an whole atom and the combined mass of its individual particles present in that atom.
We know that, 1 amu = 1.6 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
Given that, mass defect for oxygen-16 = 0.13261 amu
To calculate this defect in terms of kilograms, we have to convert into kg unit as:
0.13261 amu = 0.13261 amu × 1.6 × 10⁻²⁷ kg/amu
0.13261 amu = 2.20 × 10⁻²⁸ kg
Hence option (2) is correct.
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