Toxicants generally follow the Law of Diffusion , moving from areas of high concentration to areas of lower concentration.
<h3><u>What are Toxicants ?</u></h3>
Any hazardous chemical is a toxicant. Both naturally occurring and artificial toxicants have the potential to be harmful. A toxin, in contrast, is a poison created spontaneously by an organism (e.g. plant, animal, insect). The many toxicant categories may be present in the air, land, water, or food.
A substance is toxic if it has the potential to be harmful or have negative effects on health. Chemicals like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxin, which are present at some hazardous waste sites, often cause people to worry.
<h3><u>What is the Law of Diffusion ?</u></h3>
Graham's law of diffusion states that the ratio of the diffusion rate of two gases is the same as the ratio of the square root of the molar mass of the gases.
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You need to find which intermolecular forces are between the molecules
dipole-dipole,h bonds, etc.
I'm not very good at explaining but this is what my prof said to help us
Identify the class of the molecule or molecules you are given. Are they nonpolar species, ions or
do they have permanent dipoles? Is there only one species or are there two?
In the case of ONE species (i.e., a pure substance), the intermolecular forces will be between
molecules of the same type. So if you are dealing with ions, the intermolecular forces will be ION-
ION or IONIC. If you are dealing with dipoles, then the intermolecular forces will be DIPOLE-
DIPOLE. If you are dealing with nonpolar species, the intermolecular forces will be DISPERSION
or VAN DER WAALS or INDUCED DIPOLE-INDUCED DIPOLE (the last three are desciptions
of the same interaction; regrettably we cannot call them nonpolar-nonpolar!).
In the case of TWO species (i.e., a mixture), the intermolecular forces will be between molecules of
one type with molecules of the second type. For example, ION-DIPOLE interactions exist between
ions dissolved in a dipolar fluid such as water.
