Answer:
1. the pencil would have the momentum and would keep going until it hits the windshield. 2. when the car suddenly accelerates, the pencil would be inert and it would move toward the back of the car until a constant speed from the car is reached.
Answer:

negative sign indicates that the distance is decreasing with time
Explanation:
Let at any time t after noon that is 12 p.m.
distance traveled by car A = 40t
distance traveled by car B = 90-60t
then distance between the two cars at time t
............1
also, at time 1 p.m.
distance 
D=50 Km
differentiating equation 1 w.r.t. t we get

put t= 1 and D= 50 we get


Well, energy can be produced from the burning of fossil fuels which produce steam to spin turbines which generates electricity. But fossil fuels like coal and oil are no renewable.
Some renewable ways to get energy is water where they separate hydrogen from h2o because hydrogen can be made into energy. Also nuclear fission is another way to get energy. That's when in a nuclear power plant, the atoms nucleus is split which sends a large amount of energy.
Wind energy is another source of energy, which is from windmills. Another renewable energy source is solar energy. That's when u use solar cells, like some houses and calculators have, which generates a lot of energy, but only in the day since the sun doesn't shine in the nigh.
Hope I helped!!!
Answer:
For elliptical orbits: seldom
For circular orbits: always
Explanation:
We start by analzying a circular orbit.
For an object moving in circular orbit, the direction of the acceleration (centripetal acceleration) is always perpendicular to the direction of motion of the object.
Since acceleration has the same direction of the force (according to Newton's second law of motion), this means that the direction of the force (the centripetal force) is always perpendicular to the velocity of the object.
So for a circular orbit,
the direction of the velocity of the satellite is always perpendicular to the net force acting upon the satellite.
Now we analyze an elliptical orbit.
An elliptical orbit correponds to a circular orbit "stretched". This means that there are only 4 points along the orbit in which the acceleration (and therefore, the net force) is perpendicular to the direction of motion (and so, to the velocity) of the satellite. These points are the 4 points corresponding to the intersections between the axes of the ellipse and the orbit itself.
Therefore, for an elliptical orbit,
the direction of the velocity of the satellite is seldom perpendicular to the net force acting upon the satellite.