The force of attraction between two objects is proportional to the mass of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of teh distance between them. In this casem if the distance is decreased to 1/10 of the original, then teh force of attraction increases by 100 times (10^2).
It is usually expressed the other way: the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a medium. In that case, it is called the "index of refraction".