The velocity of the girl is -4.8 m/s.
Using the principle of conservation of linear momentum, The total momentum of bodies before and after collision is constant. Since the two objects are stationary, the initial momentum of each body is zero.
Thus;
0 = (80 × 3) + (50 × v)
0 = 240 + 50 v
-240 = 50 v
v = -240/50
v = -4.8 m/s
Note that the negative sign shows that the velocity of the girl is in opposite direction that that of the girl.
Learn more about momentum: brainly.com/question/904448
By definition, the gain in PE (potential energy) is
ΔPE = m*g*h
Given:
mg = 40 N (Note that m*g = weight)
h = 5 m
ΔPE = (40 N)*(5 m) =200 J
Answer: 200 J
