the reason why there is such a large jump from 2nd to 3rd ionization energy for calcium is because to remove the third electron, a larger amount of energy is required, since the shell is closer to the nucleus, and higher attraction exists between them. This is why the second ionization energy is 1125.4 and then the third IE is 4912.4 which is a very big difference. It's all about the elections and energy!!
The size of the atoms a and the number of holes in the atoms can be used to decode the element.
<h3>What are models?</h3>
A model is a miniature depiction of reality. Molecular models often consists of boxes that contain balls which are used to represent elements. In common parlance, the color is used to show the type of element.
Apart from the color, the size of the atoms a and the number of holes in the atoms can be used to decode the element.
