Which of the following describes a spontaneous reaction?

Chemistry

1 answer:

NISA [10]3 years ago

5 0

Explanation:

A spontaneous process is the time-evolution of a system in which it releases free energy and it moves to a lower, more thermodynamically stable energy state.[1][2] The sign convention for free energy change follows the general convention for thermodynamic measurements, in which a release of free energy from the system corresponds to a negative change in the free energy of the system and a positive change in the free energy of the surroundings.

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What is the maximum concentration of Ag⁺ that can be added to a 0.00750 M solution of Na₂CO₃ before a precipitate will form? (Ks

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$\large \boxed{1.64\times 10^{-5}\text{ mol/L }}$

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$K_{sp} =\text{[Ag$^{+}$]$^{2}$[CO$_{3}^{2-}$]} = (2x)^{2}\times 0.00750 = 8.10 \times 10^{-12}\\0.0300x^{2} = 8.10 \times 10^{-12}\\x^{2} = 2.70 \times 10^{-10}\\x = \sqrt{2.70 \times 10^{-10}} = \mathbf{1.64\times 10^{5}} \textbf{ mol/L}\\\text{The maximum concentration of Ag$^{+}$ is $\large \boxed{\mathbf{1.64\times 10^{-5}}\textbf{ mol/L }}$}$

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