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4 years ago

A non-metal usually forms 2 covalent bonds in its compounds.How many electrons will it take in its valence shell？

Chemistry

1 answer:

iVinArrow [24]4 years ago

3 0

In covalent bonds, non-metals share electrons to attain full valence shells.

This non-metal usually forms 2 covalent bonds. This leads me to believe that it has 6 valence electrons to begin with and will take 2 more, one from each bonds. Such that it ends with a full valence shell of 8 electrons.

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3 years ago

If acetic acid is the only acid that vinegar contains (ka=1.8×10−5), calculate the concentration of acetic acid in the vinegar.

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$CH_{3}COOH \ \textless \ ---\ \textgreater \ H^{+} + CH_{3}COO^{-}$

In this case pH value of the solution is necessary to calculate the concentration but it's not given here so pH = 2.88 (looked it up)

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  CH3COOH H+ CH3COOH
Initial   $moldm^{-3}$      $x$ 0 0

Change $moldm^{-3}$ -0.001 +0.001 +0.001

Equilibrium $moldm^{-3}$ $x$ - 0.001 0.001 0.001


Since the $k_{a}$ value is so small, the assumption
$[CH_{3}COOH]_{initial} = [CH_{3}COOH]_{equilibrium}$ can be made.

$k_{a} = [tex]= 1.8*10^{-5} = \frac{[H^{+}][CH_{3}COO^{-}]}{[CH_{3}COOH]} = \frac{0.001^{2}}{x}$

Solve for x to get the required concentration.

note: 1.)Since you need the answer in 2SF don&t round up values in the middle of the calculation like I've done here.

2.) The ICE (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) table may come in handy if you are new to problems of this kind

Hope this helps!

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3 years ago

The haber process is typically carried out at a temperature of approximately 500∘c. What would happen to the rate of the forward

Dovator [93]

Answer:

The reaction rate would decrease

Explanation:

The equation for the Haber process is given by;

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) ⇆ 2NH₃(g)

The reaction occurs at a temperature of 500°C
Therefore, the forward reaction requires a temperature of 500°C.
According to Le Chatelier's principle, if a factor affecting equilibrium is altered, the equilibrium will shift in the direction that counteracts the effect causing it.
In this case, decreasing the temperature to 100°C will lower the rate of the forward reaction.
Consequently, less ammonia gas will be produced as the reverse reaction is favored.

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3 years ago