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Vlad1618 [11]
3 years ago
14

NASA has asked your team of rocket scientists about the feasibility of a new satellite launcher that will save rocket fuel. NASA

's idea is basicallyan electric slingshot that consists of 4 electrodes arranged in a horizontal square with sides of length d at a height h above the ground. The satellite is then placed on the ground aligned with the center of the square. A power supply will provide each of the four electrodes with a charge of Q/4 and the satellite with a charge -Q. When the satellite is released from rest, it moves up and passes through the center of the square. At the instant it reaches the square's center, the power supply is turned offand the electrodes are grounded, giving them a zero electric charge. To test this idea, you decide to use energy considerations to calculate how big Q will have to be to get a 100 kg satellite to a sufficient orbit height. Assume that the satellite startsfrom 15 meters below the square of electrodes and that the sides of the square are each 5 meters. In your physics text you find the mass of the Earth to be 6.0 x 1024kg.
Physics
1 answer:
kkurt [141]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

The answer is "q=0.0945\,C".

Explanation:

Its minimum velocity energy is provided whenever the satellite(charge 4 q) becomes 15 m far below the square center generated by the electrode (charge q).

U_i=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \times \frac{4\times4q^2}{\sqrt{(15)^2+(5/\sqrt2)^2}}

It's ultimate energy capacity whenever the satellite is now in the middle of the electric squares:

U_f=\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\ \times \frac{4\times4q^2}{( \frac{5}{\sqrt{2}})}

Potential energy shifts:

= U_f -U_i \\\\ =\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{\sqrt2}{5}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{(15)^2+( \frac{5}{\sqrt{2})^2)}}\right ) \\\\   =\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{\sqrt2}{5}-\frac{1}{ 15 +( \frac{5}{2})}}\right )\\\\ =\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{\sqrt2}{5}-\frac{1}{ (\frac{30+5}{2})}}\right )\\\\

=\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{\sqrt2}{5}-\frac{1}{ (\frac{35}{2})}}\right )\\\\=\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{\sqrt2}{5}-\frac{1}{17.5}}\right )\\\\ =\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{ 24.74- 5 }{87.5}}\right )\\\\ =\frac{16q^2}{4\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( \frac{ 19.74- 5 }{87.5}}\right )\\\\ =\frac{4q^2}{\pi\epsilon_0}\left ( 0.2256 }\right )\\\\= \frac{0.28 \times q^2}{ \epsilon_0}\\\\=q^2\times31.35 \times10^9\,J

Now that's the energy necessary to lift a satellite of 100 kg to 300 km across the surface of the earth.

=\frac{GMm}{R}-\frac{GMm}{R+h} \\\\=(6.67\times10^{-11}\times6.0\times10^{24}\times100)\left(\frac{1}{6400\times1000}-\frac{1}{6700\times1000} \right ) \\\\ =(6.67\times10^{-11}\times6.0\times10^{26})\left(\frac{1}{64\times10^{5}}-\frac{1}{67\times10^{5}} \right ) \\\\=(6.67\times6.0\times10^{15})\left(\frac{67 \times 10^{5} - 64 \times 10^{5}  }{ 4,228 \times10^{5}} \right ) \\\\

=( 40.02\times10^{15})\left(\frac{3 \times 10^{5}}{ 4,228 \times10^{5}} \right ) \\\\ =40.02 \times10^{15} \times 0.0007 \\\\

\\\\ =0.02799\times10^{10}\,J \\\\= q^2\times31.35\times10^{9} \\\\ =0.02799\times10^{10} \\\\q=0.0945\,C

This satellite is transmitted by it system at a height of 300 km and not in orbit, any other mechanism is required to bring the satellite into space.

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(a) a light-rail commuter train accelerates at a rate of 1.15 m/s2. how long does it take it to reach its top speed of 80.0 km/h
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Water enters the turbine of an ideal Rankine cycle as a superheated vapor at 18 MPa and 550°C. If the condenser pressure is 9 kP
ivolga24 [154]

Answer:

For this ideal Rankine cycle:

A) The rate of heat addition into the cycle Qh is 3214.59KJ/Kg.

B) The thermal efficiency of the system εt=0.4354.

C) The rate of heat rejection from the cycle Qc is 1833.32KJ/Kg.

D) The back work ratio is 0.013

Explanation:

To solve the ideal Rankine cycle we have to determinate the thermodynamic information of each point of the cycle. We will use a water thermodynamic properties table. In an ideal Rankine cycle, the process in the turbine and the pump must be isentropic. Therefore S₃=S₄ and S₁=S₂.

We will start with the point 3:

P₃=18000KPa  T₃=550ºc ⇒ h₃=3416.12 KJ/Kg  S₃=6.40690 KJ/Kg

Point 4:

P₄=9KPa S₄=S₃ ⇒ h₄=2016.60 (x₄=0.7645 is wet steam)

Point 1:

P₁=P₄ in the endpoint of the steam curve. ⇒ h₁= 193.28KJ/Kg  S₁=0.62235KJ/Kg  x₁=0

Point 2:

P₂=P₃ and S₂=S₁ ⇒ h₂=201.53KJ/Kg

With this information we can obtain the heat rates, the turbine, and the pump work:

Q_h=Q_{2-3}=h_3-h_2=3214.59KJ/Kg

Q_c=Q_{4-1}=h_4-h_1=1833.32KJ/Kg

W_{turb}=W_{3-4}=h_3-h_4=1399.52KJ/Kg

W_{pump}=W_{1-2}=h_2-h_1=18.25KJ/Kg

We can answer the questions with this data:

A) Q_h=Q_{2-3}=h_3-h_2=3214.59KJ/Kg

B) \epsilon_{ther}=\displaystyle\frac{W_{turb}}{Q_h}=0.4354

C)Q_c=Q_{4-1}=h_4-h_1=1833.32KJ/Kg

D) r_{bW}=\displaystyle\frac{W_{pump}}{W_{turb}}=0.013

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3 years ago
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givi [52]

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Reasoning:

Displacement is the change in an object's position from the origin.

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<em>To find speed you use distance is over time</em>


4 0
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Answer:

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Explanation:

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For ruminants like cows, they don't chew the food in their mouth so much, just a little and then they swallow.

The half chewed corn mixes with saliva in the mouth and it is swallowed. From there it travels through the oesophagus and enters the first compartment of the stomach which is the Rumen.

The digestion of carbohydrates such as corn in ruminant animals occurs in the rumen through a process known as microbial fermentation.

Microorganisms that can be found in the rumen of a cow are: bacteria, protozoa and or fungi. These microorganisms break down the carbohydrates. The starch in which is the major molecule in the corn is broken down into fatty acids which are called volatile fatty acids. Examples include: Acetic acid, Butyric acid.

These acids are transferred to the liver of the cow through a portal vein in the wall of the rumen using the process of absorption where they serve as a source of energy for the cow.

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