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Alla [95]
2 years ago
10

The following three hot samples have the same temperature. The same amount of heat is removed from each sample. Which one experi

ences the smallest drop in temperature, and which one experiences the largest drop?
Physics
1 answer:
melomori [17]2 years ago
5 0

Complete Question:

The following three hot samples have the same temperature. The same amount of heat is removed from each sample. Which one experiences the smallest drop in temperature, and which one experiences the largest drop? Sample A: 4.0 kg of water [c = 4186 J/(kg·C°)] Sample B: 2.0 kg of oil [c = 2700 J/(kg·C°)] Sample C: 9.0 kg of dirt [c = 1050 J/(kg·C°)]

Answer:

A. Smallest B. Largest.

Explanation:

Assuming no heat exchange except for the heat removed from any sample (which we know is the same for the three ones), and that the process is done using only conduction, we can use the equation that relates the heat lost or gained by one object, with the mass of the object and the consequent change in temperature, as follows:

Q = c*m*ΔT, where c, is a proportionality constant called specific heat, which is different for each material.

As we know that the heat removed is the same for the three samples, we can equate the right sides of the equation for each sample, as follows:

cw*mw*ΔTw = co*mo*ΔTo = cd*md*ΔTd

Replacing by the givens, we have:

4.0 kg. 4,186 J/kgºC*ΔT(ºC) = 2.0 kg*2,700 J/kgºC*ΔT(ºC) =9.0kg*1,050J/kgºC*ΔT(ºC)

As the three expressions must be equal each other, it's clear that the unknown term (the drop in temperature) must compensate the product of the mass times the specific heat.

This product is the following for the three samples:

Water: 4.0 kg*4,186 J/kgºC = 16,744 J/ºC

Oil : 2.0 kg*2,700 J/kgºC    = 5,400 J/ºC

Dirt: 9.0 * 1,050 J/kgºC        = 9,450 J/ºC

Clearly, we see that in order to keep the heat exchange equations equal each other, the water must suffer the smallest drop in temperature, and the oil must experience the largest one.

So, the sample A experiencies the smallest drop in temperature, and sample B does the largest one.

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Answer:

94.13 ft/s

Explanation:

<u>Given:</u>

  • t = time interval in which the rock hits the opponent = 10 s - 5 s = 5 s
  • s = distance to be moved by the rock long the horizontal = 98 yards
  • y = displacement to be moved by the rock during the time of flight along the vertical = 0 yard

<u>Assume:</u>

  • u = magnitude of initial velocity of the rock
  • \theta = angle of the initial velocity with the horizontal.

For the motion of the rock along the vertical during the time of flight, the rock has a constant acceleration in the vertically downward direction.

\therefore y = u\sin \theta t +\dfrac{1}{2}(-g)t^2\\\Rightarrow 0 = u\sin \theta 5 +\dfrac{1}{2}(-9.8)\times 5^2\\\Rightarrow u\sin \theta 5 =\dfrac{1}{2}(9.8)\times 5^2......(1)\\

Now the rock has zero acceleration along the horizontal. This means it has a constant velocity along the horizontal during the time of flight.

\therefore u\cos \theta t = s\\\Rightarrow u\cos \theta 5 = 98.....(2)\\

On dividing equation (1) by (2), we have

\tan \theta = \dfrac{25}{20}\\\Rightarrow \tan \theta = 1.25\\\Rightarrow \theta = \tan^{-1}1.25\\\Rightarrow \theta = 51.34^\circ

Now, putting this value in equation (2), we have

u\cos 51.34^\circ\times  5 = 98\\\Rightarrow u = \dfrac{98}{5\cos 51.34^\circ}\\\Rightarrow u =31.38\ yard/s\\\Rightarrow u =31.38\times 3\ ft/s\\\Rightarrow u =94.13\ ft/s

Hence, the initial velocity of the rock must a magnitude of 94.13 ft/s to hit the opponent exactly at 98 yards.

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