Formal charge can be calculated from the following formula
Formal charge = valency of central atom - (number of lone pair of electrons + number of covalent bonds)
a) for methylene:
Formal charge = 4 -( 2+ 2) = 0
b) For methyl free radical
Formal charge = 4- (3 +1) = 0
In the combustion process using excess oxygen, each mole of methane results to 1 mole of co2 while ethane produces 2 moles of Co2. Under same conditions, these can be translated to volume. Hence the total volume absorbed is 10 cm3 + 20 cm3 = 30 cm3.
Answer: Heating the hydrated forms of cobalt chloride reverses the reactions above, returning cobalt chloride to the blue, water-free, or anhydrous, state. Water is "liberated" in these reactions, known as dehydration reactions.
Explanation:
electrons are transferred in a oxidation-reduction reaction
oxidation reduction chemical equation involve electrons transfer between two species. In this reduction-oxidation type of chemical equation oxidation number of molecule, atoms or ion changes by gaining or losing electrons,that is there an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in the reaction.
It is know as the normal force.
When a solid is placed on a support, the latter exerts forces on the solid at each point of contact. These are forces that oppose the weight and prevent an object from falling.
This force is usually vertical and upward and often offsets the weight. If the solid is in equilibrium on the support the forces compensate the weight of the solid.
